NCLEX-PN
Pharmacology on NCLEX Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with atrial fibrillation is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). Which of these assessments is most important for the nurse to perform?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Measure apical pulse prior to administration. Digitoxin decreases conduction velocity through the AV node and prolongs the refractory period. If the apical heart rate is less than 60 beats/minute, withhold the drug. The apical pulse should be taken with a stethoscope so that there will be no mistake about what the heart rate actually is.
Question 2 of 5
An adult received regular insulin at 7:00 A.M. At 10:00 A.M., she is irritable and sweaty, but her skin is cool. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Irritability, sweating, and cool skin suggest hypoglycemia. A cola drink provides quick-acting carbohydrates to raise blood sugar.
Question 3 of 5
The male client with a chronic urinary tract infection is prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). Which statement indicates the client needs more teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stopping Bactrim when symptoms resolve risks incomplete treatment and resistance; full course is needed. Hydration, duration, and diarrhea management are correct.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a parent how to administer oral iron supplements to a 2 year-old child. Which of the following interventions should be included in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Give the medicine with orange juice and through a straw. Absorption of iron is facilitated in an environment rich in Vitamin C. Since liquid iron preparation will stain teeth, a straw is preferred.
Question 5 of 5
An adult is hospitalized for an acute attack of gout. Which medication should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Colchicine is used to treat acute gout attacks by reducing inflammation, unlike allopurinol, which prevents attacks.