NCLEX-PN
Pharmacology on NCLEX Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A child and the family about the medication phenytoin (Dilantin) prescribed for seizure control. Which of the following side effects is most likely to occur?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Swollen and tender gums occur often with use of phenytoin. Good oral hygiene and regular visits to the dentist should be emphasized.
Question 2 of 5
An adult is hospitalized for an acute attack of gout. Which medication should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Colchicine is used to treat acute gout attacks by reducing inflammation, unlike allopurinol, which prevents attacks.
Question 3 of 5
The client is to receive 3,000 mg of medication daily in a divided dose every eight (8) hours. The medication comes 500 mg per tablet. How many tablets will the nurse administer at each dose?
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale: Daily dose: 3,000 mg / 3 doses (every 8 hr) = 1,000 mg/dose. Tablets: 1,000 mg / 500 mg/tablet = 2 tablets per dose.
Question 4 of 5
Which observation, if reported by a client, is most suggestive of an adverse reaction to gentamicin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gentamicin is ototoxic. Ringing in the ears suggests possible damage to the eighth cranial nerve, the auditory nerve. A WBC of 8000 is normal.
Question 5 of 5
The client is complaining of low-back pain and is prescribed the muscle relaxant carisoprodol (Soma). Which teaching intervention has priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carisoprodol causes drowsiness, a safety risk (e.g., falls, driving); warning is the priority. GI distress, tapering, or alcohol are secondary.