Pharmacology on NCLEX

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The client is diagnosed with essential hypertension and is receiving a calcium channel blocker. Which assessment data would warrant the nurse holding the client's medication?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Dizziness on standing suggests orthostatic hypotension, a calcium channel blocker side effect, warranting holding the dose to prevent falls. Fever, cough, or BP are less critical.

Question 2 of 5

The client is admitted to the burn unit and prescribed pantoprazole (Protonix), a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Which statement best supports the scientific rationale for administering this medication to a client with a severe burn?

A. This medication will help prevent a stress ulcer. B. This medication will help prevent systemic infections. C. This medication will provide continuous vasoconstriction. D. This medication will stimulate new skin growth.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Severe burns increase stress ulcer risk due to gastric acid hypersecretion; PPIs like pantoprazole prevent this. Infection, vasoconstriction, or skin growth are unrelated.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse is teaching a parent how to administer oral iron supplements to a 2 year-old child. Which of the following interventions should be included in the teaching?

A. Stop the medication if the stools become tarry green B. Give the medicine with orange juice and through a straw C. Add the medicine to a bottle of formula D. Administer the iron with your child's meals

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Give the medicine with orange juice and through a straw. Absorption of iron is facilitated in an environment rich in Vitamin C. Since liquid iron preparation will stain teeth, a straw is preferred.

Question 4 of 5

A client is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). After the contrast material is injected, which of the following client reactions should be reported immediately?

A. Feeling warm B. Face flushing C. Salty taste D. Hives

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hives. This is a sign of anaphylaxis and should be reported immediately. The other reactions are considered normal and the client should be informed that they may occur.

Question 5 of 5

A client newly diagnosed with Type I Diabetes Mellitus asks the purpose of the test measuring glycosylated hemoglobin. The nurse should explain that the purpose of this test is to determine:

A. The presence of anemia often associated with Diabetes B. The oxygen carrying capacity of the client's red cells C. The average blood glucose for the past 2-3 months D. The client's risk for cardiac complications

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The average blood glucose for the past 2-3 months. By testing the portion of the hemoglobin that absorbs glucose, it is possible to determine the average blood glucose over the life span of the red cell, 120 days.

Pharmacology on NCLEX | Nurselytic

Nurselytic

NCLEX-PN

NCLEX-PN