NCLEX-RN
NCLEX-RN Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The physician prescribes phenytoin (Dilantin) for a client with seizure disorders. Phenytoin can only be mixed with which of the following solutions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenytoin is compatible only with normal saline and should be mixed only with normal saline for administration.
Question 2 of 5
A female client has married recently. A month ago she visited her physician with complaints of burning on urination. She was given a prescription for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) DS bid for 10 days. She was admitted through the emergency room on Saturday evening complaining of flank pain. Her temperature was 104°F. A preliminary urinalysis revealed 31 bacteria along with red and white blood cells Rankings blood cells in the urine. A preliminary diagnosis of pyelonephritis was made. During a nursing admission assessment, which statement by the client demonstrates a possible cause for pyelonephritis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Although it is important that the client drink adequate fluids while treating a bladder infection with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, the failure to do so will not cause pyelonephritis. A stricture or abnormality may cause the progression of bladder infection to urinary tract infection, but this is rare. There is no indication in this situation that this has occurred. The most common cause of pyelonephritis is improper treatment of bladder infections. The client typically feels better after several days, discontinues the medication, and saves the remainder for the next occurrence of a bladder infection. For this reason, it is imperative to provide client education related to completion of the prescribed medication. There is no evidence that infection in another body system could cause pyelonephritis.
Question 3 of 5
Two weeks after a client's admission for depression, the physician orders a consult for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Which of the following conditions, if present, would be a contraindication for ECT?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A contraindication for ECT is a space-occupying lesion such as a brain tumor. During ECT, intracranial pressure increases.
Therefore, ECT would not be prescribed for a client whose intracranial pressure is already elevated.
Question 4 of 5
A 2-year-old boy fell out of bed and has a subdural hematoma. When his mother leaves him for the first time, you will expect the child to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This baby probably will cry, which should be prevented because it will increase his intracranial pressure (ICP). Asking the mother to wait until the baby is asleep may help.
Question 5 of 5
A client undergoes a transurethral resection, prostate (TURP). He returns from surgery with a three-way continuous Foley irrigation of normal saline in progress. The purpose of this bladder irrigation is to prevent:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A three-way system of bladder irrigation will cleanse the bladder and prevent formation of blood clots. A catheter obstructed by clots or other debris will cause prostatic distention and hemorrhage.