NCLEX-RN
NCLEX-RN Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which statement describes the contagious stage of varicella?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Varicella (chickenpox) is contagious from 1-2 days before the rash until all lesions are crusted, as the virus is shed during this period. Earlier or later stages are less contagious.
Question 2 of 5
A dose of theophylline may need to be altered if a client with COPD:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The effects of morphine or an allergic response to the drug will not affect theophylline clearance. Xanthines are used cautiously in clients with severe cardiac disease, liver disease, cor pulmonale, hypertension, or hyperthyroidism. Arthritis does not influence the dosage of theophylline. Theophylline does not cause sedation or drowsiness. Conversely, its side effects may be exhibited by central nervous system stimulation. Cimetidine decreases theophylline clearance from the system and increases theophylline levels in the blood, thus increasing the risk of toxicity.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a postoperative client when the client becomes nonresponsive and pale,with a BP of 90/40. The nurse recognizes that the necessary intervention at this time is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypotension (BP 90/40) pallor,and nonresponsiveness suggest hypovolemic shock likely from postoperative bleeding. Increasing the IV infusion rate (e.g. saline) restores volume. Trendelenburg is controversial atropine treats bradycardia,and the emergency cart is secondary to immediate fluid resuscitation.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient following a thyroidectomy. Which of the following is an early symptom of hypocalcemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Numbness or tingling in the extremities is an early sign of hypocalcemia, which can occur post-thyroidectomy due to parathyroid gland disruption. Chvostek’s sign and prolonged QT intervals are later signs, and 3+ reflexes are not specific.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse caring for a client who has pneumonia, which is caused by a gram-positive bacteria, inspects her sputum. Because the client's pneumonia is caused by a gram-positive bacteria, the nurse expects to find the sputum to be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bright red sputum with streaks is associated with pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumonia. Pneumococcal pneumonia, caused by gram-positive bacteria, has a characteristic productive cough with green or rust-colored sputum. Green-colored sputum is more characteristic of Pseudomonas than of gram-positive bacterial pneumonia. Pink-tinged and frothy sputum is more characteristic of pulmonary edema than of gram-positive bacterial pneumonia.