NCLEX-RN
Cardiovascular Pharmacology NCLEX RN Questions
Extract:
The clinic nurse is caring for a 38-year-old male
Item 6 of 6
Physician Progress Notes
1355 - One-week follow-up appointment with a 38-year-old male. Labs show serious metabolic derangements, including high fasting blood glucose and hyperlipidemia. VS shows essential hypertension. Diagnosis - 1. essential hypertension 2. metabolic syndrome. Will perform additional diagnostics and follow up with the client in six weeks.
Physician Orders
• 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG)
• atenolol 25 mg by mouth daily
• pitavastatin 1 mg by mouth daily
• fenofibrate 45 mg by mouth daily with food
Question 1 of 5
The nurse performs education regarding metabolic syndrome and reminds the client to return in six weeks for a follow-up appointment. Click to specify the self-management goals for this client. Note: Each row must have one (1) response option selected
| Goal | Appropriate | Not Appropriate |
|---|---|---|
| Reduction in the HDL cholesterol | ||
| Moderate exercise at least 150 minutes a week | ||
| Reduce the consumption of complex carbohydrates | ||
| Increase the intake of fiber-containing foods | ||
| Reduction in psychosocial stressors |
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Moderate exercise (150 minutes/week), increased fiber intake, and stress reduction are appropriate goals for managing metabolic syndrome. Reducing HDL is undesirable, and complex carbohydrates should not be broadly reduced.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is counseling a client with congestive heart failure (CHF) about newly prescribed bumetanide. The nurse determines that the teaching has been effective when the client plans to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bumetanide, a loop diuretic, requires daily weight monitoring to assess fluid status in CHF. Protein intake, urinary output records, or vital signs monitoring are less critical.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about newly prescribed hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). Which of the following statements, if made by the client, indicates an effective understanding of the potential side effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HCTZ can cause photosensitivity, increasing the risk of sunburn, so caution with sun exposure indicates correct understanding. HCTZ does not typically cause drowsiness, hypocalcemia, or taste disturbances.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client who is receiving newly prescribed enalapril. Which of the following information should be a priority for the nurse to include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enalapril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause angioedema, a potentially life-threatening swelling of the face, lips, or eyes, making this the priority teaching point. Dry cough, taste changes, and lab monitoring are relevant but less urgent.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client who has hypertension about the newly prescribed medication, furosemide. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, can cause hypokalemia, so limiting potassium-rich foods (bananas, cantaloupe, potatoes) is advised, and taking it early prevents nocturia. Grapefruit juice and cough are not concerns.