NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the chart of a 55-year-old male client who is scheduled for a lumbar laminectomy. The nurse should report which of the following to the surgeon?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An abnormal ECG indicates potential cardiac issues that could affect surgical safety under anesthesia. This must be reported to the surgeon for further evaluation. A pimple, hearing aid, or iodine allergy, while notable, are less immediately critical unless directly related to the procedure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is educating a student nurse about blood transfusions. Which of the following statements by the student nurse indicates the need for additional teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Crackles in the lung fields indicate transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), not a hemolytic reaction, which typically presents with fever, chills, and hemoglobinuria. Pre-medication with diphenhydramine and acetaminophen is not always required, only when prescribed for clients with a history of allergic reactions. The other statements are correct: graft versus host disease is common in immunosuppressed clients, TACO is more likely in renal failure, and transfusion history is important.
Question 3 of 5
A client has just returned from the postanesthesia care unit after undergoing a laryngectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed 30–40 degrees reduces swelling and maintains airway patency post-laryngectomy. Esophageal speech training is premature immediately post-surgery. Feedings are typically delayed until swallowing is safe. Drainage tubes are not routinely irrigated.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse develops a teaching plan for a client scheduled for a spinal fusion. Which of the following should the nurse expect to include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The donor site (e.g., iliac crest) often causes more pain than the fusion site due to tissue trauma.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching a group of teenage boys who are on a baseball team about the risks of chewing tobacco. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the teenagers to report to their parents and physicians? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,F
Rationale: Chewing tobacco is a known risk factor for oral cancer and other oral health issues. Symptoms such as unexplained mouth pain, a lump in the neck, and white patches on the mucosa are concerning and could indicate serious conditions like oral cancer or precancerous lesions, requiring immediate medical attention. Dysphagia and decreased saliva are less specific and not directly linked to chewing tobacco risks in this context.