NCLEX-RN
Leadership and Management in Nursing NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
The following scenario applies to the next 1 items
The charge nurse in the medical-surgical unit is preparing the assignment for the next shift.
• Client One
• 63-year-old male admitted three days ago for community-acquired pneumonia.
• Intravenous (IV) antibiotics stopped and were switched to oral. Plan is for discharge in one day. Family is at the bedside.
• Current medications: azithromycin, levofloxacin, warfarin, atorvastatin, acetaminophen, and albuterol via nebulizer.
• Medical history: mitral valve replacement, venous thromboembolism, and hyperlipidemia.
• Vital signs: T 101° F (39.7° C), P 72, RR 18, BP 130/86, pulse oximetry reading 95% on room air.
• Client Two
• 55-year-old female admitted two days ago with aplastic anemia.
• Received two units of packed red blood cells yesterday.
• Client is scheduled to receive two units of platelets. She developed epistaxis and vaginal bleeding in the last hour.
• Current medications: multivitamin and lisinopril.
• Medical history: aplastic anemia and hypertension.
• Vital signs: T 98.6° F (37° C), P 88, RR 15, BP 111/76, pulse oximetry reading 96% on room air.
• Client Three
• 23-year-old male admitted four days ago with chest trauma caused by a stab wound.
• Transferred to the medical-surgical unit yesterday. Chest tube was discontinued yesterday.
• Client is to ambulate every four hours (while awake). Has constipation and needs an enema.
• Current medications: oxycodone-acetaminophen, docusate, and regular insulin sliding scale.
• Medical history: diabetes mellitus (type one).
• Vital signs: T 98° F (36.4° C), P 80, RR 16, BP 119/86, pulse oximetry reading 96% on room air.
• Client Four
• 52-year-old female admitted two hours ago following total abdominal hysterectomy.
• Occasional nausea. Hypoactive bowel sounds in all quadrants. Has an indwelling urinary catheter connected to drainage bag.
• Current medications: hydrocodone-acetaminophen, docusate, and ondansetron.
• Medical history: cervical cancer.
• Vital signs: T 98° F (36.4° C), P 70, RR 16, BP 125/88, pulse oximetry reading 95% on room air
• Client Five
• 45-year-old male admitted four hours ago with new onset atrial fibrillation.
• Irregular pulse. Had two episodes of syncope in the emergency department.
• Current medications: continuous infusion of diltiazem.
• Medical history: hypertension and congestive heart failure.
• Vital signs: T 98° F (36.4° C), P 101, RR 19, BP 137/90, pulse oximetry reading 96% on room air
• Client Six
• 77-year-old male admitted one day ago with cystitis.
• Receives medications and feedings through percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). Requires daily dressing changes for sacral pressure ulcer.
• Current medications: citalopram, esomeprazole, atenolol, ciprofloxacin.
• Medical history: hypertension, anxiety, acid reflux.
• Vital signs: T 98.2° F (36.8° C), P 82, RR 15, BP 133/88, pulse oximetry reading 95% on room air
• Client Seven
• 72-year-old female admitted two days ago with cystitis and improving altered mental status.
• Receiving intermittent intravenous piggyback antibiotics.
• Current medications: rivaroxaban, diltiazem, and captopril.
• Medical history: atrial fibrillation and hypertension.
• Vital signs: T 98.9° F (37.2° C), P 67, RR 16, BP 143/85, pulse oximetry reading 96% on room air
Question 1 of 5
The charge nurse is determining which client should be assigned to the licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/VN) or registered nurse (RN).Click to specify if the client should be assigned to the LPN/VN or RN.
| Client | LPN/VN | RN |
|---|---|---|
| Client One | ||
| Client Two | ||
| Client Three | ||
| Client Four | ||
| Client Five | ||
| Client Six | ||
| Client Seven |
Correct Answer:
Rationale: Client One
This client is stable, with IV antibiotics discontinued and switched to oral. The LPN can manage routine medication administration, monitor for any signs of infection recurrence, and provide discharge education under the supervision of an RN.
Client Three
The client is stable and primarily requires routine care, such as scheduled ambulation and assistance with bowel management (enema administration). The LPN is qualified to administer medications and monitor for any changes in respiratory status following chest trauma.
Client Six
This client is stable and requires PEG tube feedings, medication administration, and daily dressing changes for a sacral pressure ulcer. These tasks fall within the LPN’s scope of practice, as long as the RN remains available for more complex assessments if needed.
Client Seven
The client is showing improvement, is hemodynamically stable, and requires intermittent IV piggyback antibiotics. LPNs are trained to administer IV piggyback medications and monitor for adverse effects. Routine vital sign monitoring and medication administration are appropriate for LPN delegation.
Clients that should be assigned to the RN
Client Two
This client presents an increased risk of hemodynamic instability due to new-onset bleeding (epistaxis and vaginal bleeding), requiring close assessment and intervention. The RN is needed to evaluate the severity of bleeding, administer platelet transfusions, and monitor for transfusion reactions or worsening anemia.
Client Four
Postoperative clients are at risk for complications such as hemorrhage, infection, and ileus. The RN is required to perform a comprehensive assessment, evaluate bowel function, manage nausea, and ensure the catheter remains patent without signs of infection.
Client Five
This client is on continuous IV diltiazem, which requires ongoing cardiac monitoring and dosage adjustments based on response. The client’s history of syncope raises concerns for hemodynamic instability, which necessitates RN oversight for timely intervention if deterioration occurs.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
The nurse has become aware of the following client situations. The nurse should first see the client who is receiving
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blistering at a PICC site during chemotherapy (
A) suggests extravasation, a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention to prevent tissue damage. Nausea and vomiting (
B) and oral burning (
C) are less urgent side effects. Sitting with visitors (
D) is a normal activity and not concerning.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old scheduled for an appendectomy. What is the nurse's role in obtaining informed consent before surgery? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C, D
Rationale: The nurse’s role includes validating parental competency (
C) to ensure they understand the procedure and witnessing the signature (
D) to confirm consent was given. Explaining risks/benefits (
B) is the surgeon’s responsibility. Withdrawing consent (
A) is not limited to the surgeon, and two witnesses (E) are not required.
Question 4 of 5
Which healthcare team member is paired with the primary function related to their role?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A speech or language therapist addressing swallowing disorders (
C) is correctly paired, as this is their primary role. Occupational therapists (
A) focus on daily living activities, not gait. Physical therapists (
B) focus on mobility, not assistive devices primarily. RN case managers (
D) coordinate care, not order therapies/medications.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notices an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) passing by several call lights during the shift. Which initial action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Approaching the UAP (
B) initially allows for clarification and correction of the nurse can address the behavior, promoting teamwork and addressing potential safety issues.. Reporting to the charge nurse (
A) or filing an incident report (
C) escalates prematurely. Assigning another UAP (
D) does not address the root cause.