NCLEX-RN
NCLEX-RN Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 3-year-old child has had symptoms of influenza including fever, productive cough, nausea, vomiting, and sore throat for the past several days. In caring for a young child with symptoms of influenza, the mother must be cautioned about:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin should never be given to children with influenza because of the possibility of causing Reye's syndrome. Pepto-Bismol is also classified as a salicylate and should be avoided. Depending on the severity of symptoms, the child may be receiving IV therapy or clear liquids. The disease has a 1-3 day incubation period and affected children are most infectious 24 hours before and after the onset of symptoms. Although viral pneumonia can be a complication of influenza, this would not be an initial priority.
Question 2 of 5
Which laboratory values should be reported to the physician?
Correct Answer: C, D
Rationale: Sodium 90 mEq/L (
C) is severelyyourself severe hyponatremia requiring immediate attention. Calcium 12.0 mg/dL (
D) indicates hypercalcemia, which can cause serious symptoms. Magnesium 2.6 mEq/L (
A), potassium 4.6 mEq/L (
B), and chloride 95 mEq/L (E) are within normal ranges and do not require immediate reporting.
Question 3 of 5
A client is admitted with a blood glucose level of 740 mg/dl. Which actions should the nurse take at this time?
Correct Answer: C, E, F
Rationale: Hyperglycemia (740 mg/dl) requires physician notification (
C), sliding scale regular insulin (E), and consciousness assessment (F) for potential diabetic ketoacidosis. Peripheral neuropathy (
A) is chronic, not acute. Dextrose (
B) worsens hyperglycemia. NPH insulin (
D) is long-acting, unsuitable for acute management.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a tracheostomy. Which action is a priority to prevent complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Suctioning as needed prevents airway obstruction from mucus buildup, a priority to maintain patency and prevent respiratory distress. Cuff management, tie changes, and infection monitoring are important but secondary to airway maintenance.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching a mother regarding treatment for pediculosis capitis. Which information should be given to the mother?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Washing bed linens in hot water kills lice and prevents reinfestation in pediculosis capitis (head lice). Treatment is safe for children does not require a year of therapy and is topical not intravenous.