NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse has completed an assessment on a client with a decreased cardiac output. Which findings should receive the highest priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Confusion, low urine output, and orthopnea indicate severe heart failure with potential cerebral and renal hypoperfusion, requiring immediate intervention. Other options reflect stable or less urgent findings.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following reflects the principle on which a client's diet will most likely be based during the acute phase of myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Small, easily digested meals reduce the metabolic demand on the heart and prevent gastrointestinal distress, which could exacerbate myocardial oxygen demand during the acute phase of MI.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following symptoms should the nurse teach the client with unstable angina to report immediately to her physician?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A change in the pattern of angina pain may indicate worsening ischemia or progression to unstable angina or MI, requiring immediate medical attention.
Question 4 of 5
A client receiving a loop diuretic should be encouraged to eat which of the following foods? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Loop diuretics like furosemide cause potassium loss. Bananas (
B), dried fruit (
C), and orange juice (
D) are potassium-rich, helping prevent hypokalemia.
Question 5 of 5
The most effective measure the nurse can use to prevent wound infection when changing a client's dressing after coronary artery bypass surgery is to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hand-washing is the most effective measure to prevent wound infection, as it reduces the risk of introducing pathogens during dressing changes.