NCLEX-PN
Pharmacology Questions NCLEX Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
You are caring for a hypertensive client with a new order for captopril (Capoten). Which information should the nurse include in client teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoid the use of salt substitutes. Captopril can cause an accumulation of potassium or hyperkalemia. Clients should avoid the use of salt substitutes, which are generally potassium-based.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse administered an IV broad-spectrum antibiotic scheduled every six (6) hours to the client with a systemic infection at 0800. At 1000, the culture and sensitivity prompted the HCP to change the IV antibiotic. When transcribing the new antibiotic order, when would the initial dose be administered?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: New antibiotic orders for active infections require prompt administration (within 1 hour) to maintain therapeutic levels, per sepsis guidelines.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assigned to perform well-child assessments at a day care center. A staff member interrupts the examinations to ask for assistance. They find a crying 3 year-old child on the floor with mouth wide open and gums bleeding. Two unlabeled open bottles lie nearby. The nurse's first action should be
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ask the staff about the contents of the bottles. The nurse needs to assess what the child ingested before determining the next action. Once the substance is identified, the poison control center and emergency response team should be called.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 10 year-old client who will be placed on heparin therapy. Which assessment is critical for the nurse to make before initiating therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Weight. Check the client's weight because dosage is calculated on the basis of weight.
Question 5 of 5
Penicillin V potassium (Pen-Vee-K) 500 mg PO qid is ordered for an adult client. He reports that he took penicillin for the first time two months ago. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client does not have a history of allergic response to penicillin, so there is no need to skin test or withhold the medication. However, allergic responses often occur after the first administration.