NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The RN overhears the LPN talking with the client who is being prepared for a total colectomy with the creation of an ileoanal reservoir for ulcerative colitis. Which statement made by the LPN should the RN clarify to decrease the client’s anxiety?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. The client will not be at risk for colon cancer because with a total colectomy the entire colon is removed. B. Since this surgery removes the total colon, the ulcerative colitis will be cured. C. The client will be unable to eat until peristalsis returns, and then it may take several days before solid foods are tolerated. D. The client will initially have an ileostomy; after the reservoir has healed, the ileostomy will be closed. Knowing that the ileostomy will be temporary is important information for the client to decrease anxiety.
Question 2 of 5
The client diagnosed with gastroenteritis is being discharged from the emergency department. Which intervention should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Handwashing prevents the spread of gastroenteritis, a key discharge teaching point. Persistent diarrhea is concerning but less specific, steroids are irrelevant, and stool collection is not routine.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer 250 mL of intravenous antibiotic to the client. The medication must infuse in one (1) hour. An intravenous pump is not available and the nurse must administer the medication via gravity with IV tubing at 10 gtts/min. At what rate should the nurse infuse the medication?
Correct Answer: 42 gtts/min
Rationale: Volume = 250 mL, time = 60 min, drop factor = 10 gtts/mL. Drip rate = (250 × 10) ÷ 60 = 41.67, rounded to 42 gtts/min.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse has been assigned to care for four clients. Which client should the nurse plan to assess first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. The client with a pain rating of 6 out of 10 on a numerical scale needs attention, but the pain is not a life-threatening concern. B. Bleeding esophageal varices are the most life-threatening complication of cirrhosis. Coughing can precipitate a bleeding episode. The nurse should assess this client first. C. The client who is postcholecystectomy is reported as being stable and could be assessed last. D. The client reporting itching needs attention, but the itching is not a life-threatening concern.
Question 5 of 5
The client is admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of acute diverticulitis. Which healthcare provider's order should the nurse question?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An NG tube is not routinely needed for acute diverticulitis unless there is vomiting or obstruction, which is not indicated. IV fluids, clear liquids, and bedrest are standard to rest the bowel and manage inflammation.