NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which interventions should the nurse discuss regarding prevention of an acute exacerbation of diverticulosis? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: High fluid intake (2,500 mL), avoiding seeds, and exercise (walking) prevent constipation and reduce diverticulitis risk. Low-fiber diets worsen diverticulosis, and antacids are irrelevant.
Question 2 of 5
The client who has had an abdominal perineal resection is being discharged. Which discharge information should the nurse teach?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Emptying the pouch when one-third to one-half full prevents leaks and skin irritation. A healthy stoma is pink/moist, ambulation is encouraged, and pain medication should be taken before pain becomes severe.
Question 3 of 5
The client is four (4) hours postoperative open cholecystectomy. Which data warrant immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Refusal to turn, deep breathe, and cough increases the risk of atelectasis and pneumonia post-surgery, requiring immediate intervention. Absent bowel sounds, T-tube drainage, and urine output are expected at this stage.
Question 4 of 5
The female client presents to the clinic for an examination because she has not had a menstrual cycle for several months and wonders if she could be pregnant. The client is 5'10 tall and weighs 45 kg. Which assessment data should the nurse obtain first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low weight (BMI ~13.6) suggests anorexia, and vital signs (pulse, BP) assess for hemodynamic instability, a priority. Diet recall, birth control, and reweighing are secondary.
Question 5 of 5
The client diagnosed with end-stage renal failure and ascites is scheduled for a paracentesis. Which client teaching should the nurse discuss with the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Frequent vital sign monitoring post-paracentesis detects complications like hypotension or bleeding. Paracentesis is typically bedside, Foley catheters are unnecessary, and breath-holding is not standard.