NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is discharging the client after Billroth II surgery (gastrojejunostomy). To assist the client to control dumping syndrome, which information should the nurse include in the client’s discharge instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Drinking fluids at mealtime increases the size of the food bolus that enters the stomach. B. Carbohydrates are more rapidly digested than fats and proteins and would cause the food bolus to pass quickly into the intestine, increasing the likelihood that dumping syndrome would occur. Meals high in carbohydrates result in postprandial hypoglycemia, which is considered a variant of dumping syndrome. C. Small, frequent meals are recommended to decrease dumping syndrome. D. Lying down after meals slows the passage of the food bolus into the intestine and helps to control dumping syndrome.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for the client who is one (1) day post-upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series. Which assessment data warrant intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: No bowel movement one day post-UGI series may indicate barium impaction, requiring intervention. Normal oxygen saturation, vital signs, and gag reflex are expected.
Question 3 of 5
The client is placed on percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube feedings. Which occurrence warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A dislodged PEG tube risks peritonitis or feeding leakage, requiring immediate intervention.
Tolerated feedings, thirst, and green stool are less urgent.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is developing a plan of care for the client with cirrhosis. Which intervention should be included in the client’s plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. The nurse should prepare to monitor the client’s blood sugar level. The client with cirrhosis may develop insulin resistance. Impaired glucose tolerance is common with cirrhosis, and about 20% to 40% of clients also have diabetes. Hypoglycemia may occur during fasting because of decreased hepatic glycogen reserves and decreased gluconeogenesis. B. The client with cirrhosis would not be NPO but should receive a high-protein diet unless hepatic encephalopathy is present. C. Antibiotics are not part of the treatment plan of cirrhosis because it is not caused by microorganisms. D. The client with cirrhosis requires rest; thus, ambulation should not be encouraged every 4 hours.
Question 5 of 5
When an elderly client is receiving cimetidine [Tagamet], it is important that the nurse monitor for which side effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Confusion is a potential side effect of cimetidine in elderly clients due to its central nervous system effects.