Physiological Adaptation NCLEX PN Questions

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The nurse who was not promoted then went to the utility room and slammed several cupboard doors while looking for Kleenex. This behavior exemplifies:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Displacement involves redirecting emotions (anger about not being promoted) to a less threatening target (slamming doors), a common reaction to frustration.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse should make which of the following responses when questioned by a client about the role of leptin in the body?

A. It increases food intake in clients, thereby promoting obesity. B. It assists in the regulation of steroids. C. It increases the total fat mass of people who are obese. D. It might decrease the total fat mass in the bodies of people who are obese.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Leptin (recessive obesity gene-protein hormone) is expressed in fat cell coding for the protein that reacts to the percentage of fat cells in the body. Leptin is associated with increased energy expenditure and decreased food intake via hypothalamic control. Obese clients might have insensitivity or resistance to the effects of leptin. Leptin can affect other body hormones such as insulin. Genetic factors include leptin, uncoupling proteins, and the amount of brown/white fat in the body.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse observes bilateral bruises on the arms of an elderly client in a long-term care facility. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask this client?

A. How did you get those bruises?' B. Did someone grab you by your arms?' C. Do you fall often?' D. What did you bump against?'

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Using a direct approach is best when asking about suspected abuse. Clients are reluctant to report abuse because of shame and fear of reprisal.

Question 4 of 5

Which statement about chemotherapy is true?

A. It is a local treatment affecting only tumor cells. B. It is a systemic treatment affecting both tumor and normal cells. C. It has not yet been proved an effective treatment for cancer. D. It is often the drug of choice because it causes few, if any, side effects.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: 5-FU is an antineoplastic, antimetabolic drug that inhibits DNA synthesis and interferes with cell replication. It is given intravenously and acts systemically. It affects all rapidly growing cells, both malignant and normal. It is used as adjuvant therapy for treating cancer of the colon, rectum, stomach, breast, and pancreas. This drug has many side effects, including bone marrow depression, anorexia, stomatitis, nausea, and vomiting.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is instructing a person who had a left CVA and right lower extremity hemiparesis to use a quad cane. Which of the following is the most appropriate gait sequence?

A. Place the cane in the patient's left upper extremity, encourage cane, then right lower extremity, then left upper extremity gait sequence. B. Place the cane in the patient's left upper extremity, encourage cane, then left lower extremity, then right upper extremity gait sequence. C. Place the cane in the patient's right upper extremity, encourage cane, then right lower extremity, then left upper extremity gait sequence. D. Place the cane in the patient's right upper extremity, encourage cane, then left lower extremity, then right upper extremity gait sequence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The cane should be placed in the patient's strong upper extremity (left), and the sequence should coordinate the weak side (right leg) with the cane for support, followed by the strong side (left leg).

Physiological Adaptation NCLEX PN Questions | Nurselytic

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