NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a group of teenage boys who are on a baseball team about the risks of chewing tobacco. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the teenagers to report to their parents and physicians? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,F
Rationale: Chewing tobacco is a known risk factor for oral cancer and other oral health issues. Symptoms such as unexplained mouth pain, a lump in the neck, and white patches on the mucosa are concerning and could indicate serious conditions like oral cancer or precancerous lesions, requiring immediate medical attention. Dysphagia and decreased saliva are less specific and not directly linked to chewing tobacco risks in this context.
Question 2 of 5
After a thoracotomy, the nurse instructs the client to perform deep-breathing exercises. Which of the following is an expected outcome of these exercises?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Deep breathing expands alveoli, increasing lung surface for ventilation and preventing atelectasis post-thoracotomy. It does not elevate the diaphragm, increase blood flow, or control airflow to prevent hyperinflation.
Question 3 of 5
A client is admitted on the day of surgery for an arthroscopy of the left knee. Which nursing activities should be completed to avoid wrong-site surgery? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale:
To prevent wrong-site surgery, the surgeon marks the site (
A), the client verifies identity and procedure (
B), records are checked (
C), and a time-out confirms the site (
D). Showing a model (E) is educational but not a standard safety measure.
Question 4 of 5
A 49-year-old male with a tracheostomy tube confides to the nurse during a clinic visit that he is beginning to avoid sexual activity because of the increased tracheostomy secretions. Which of the following statements by the nurse will be most helpful to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Placing a thin gauze over the tracheostomy can absorb secretions, reducing embarrassment and enabling the client to engage in sexual activity comfortably.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is planning care with a client with acute leukemia who has mucositis. The nurse should advise the client that after every meal and every four hours while awake the client should use:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mucositis in leukemia clients requires gentle oral care to prevent infection and promote healing. Saline or baking soda solution is soothing and non-irritating. Lemon-glycerin swabs can dry the mucosa, commercial mouthwash may irritate, and brushing may cause trauma.