Questions 108

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NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Questions Questions

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Question 1 of 5

To reduce the risk of dumping syndrome, the nurse should teach the client to do which of the following?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Decreasing carbohydrate content helps slow gastric emptying, reducing the risk of dumping syndrome. Sitting upright is helpful but less specific, and drinking liquids with meals can worsen symptoms.

Question 2 of 5

The client with peripheral vascular disease has been prescribed diltiazem (Cardizem). The nurse should determine the effectiveness of this medication by assessing the client for:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker, promotes vasodilation in PVD, improving blood flow and reducing claudication symptoms. The nurse assesses for vasodilation (e.g., reduced pain, warmer extremities). It does not primarily relieve anxiety, cause sedation, or promote vasoconstriction.

Question 3 of 5

Ergotamine tartrate (Gynergen) is prescribed for a client's migraine headaches. The client's report of which of the following indicates effectiveness?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ergotamine reduces the severity of developing migraines by constricting cranial blood vessels. It is not primarily preventive or used for post-migraine sleeplessness or vision issues.

Question 4 of 5

A client with colon cancer had a left hemicolectomy 3 weeks previously. The client is still having difficulty maintaining an adequate oral intake to meet metabolic needs for optimal healing. Which of the following nutritional support methods would be most appropriate?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A nasogastric feeding tube with protein supplement is appropriate for short-term nutritional support post-hemicolectomy, as it delivers nutrients directly to the stomach while the client's oral intake improves.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse is assessing a client with hepatitis and notices that the AST and ALT levels have increased. Which of the following statements by the client requires further instruction by the nurse?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Acetaminophen (
D) is hepatotoxic and should be avoided in hepatitis due to increased liver enzyme levels. Rest (
A), a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet (
B), and dry toast for nausea (
C) are appropriate.

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