NCLEX-PN
MSC NCLEX Physiological Integrity Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing teaching to the client receiving a thiazide diuretic. Which points should the nurse plan to include? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: A: It is unnecessary for the client to monitor the pulse prior to taking thiazide diuretics. B: Thiazide diuretics can cause hypokalemia, and potassium-rich foods can help maintain potassium levels. C: Muscle cramps are a sign of possible medication side effects of hypokalemia and hypocalcemia. Nausea and rash are also medication side effects. D: A diuretic taken at bedtime can cause nocturia and loss of sleep. The usual timing of the last daily dose of a diuretic is at suppertime. E: Thiazide diuretics can increase serum cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels, so teaching the client to avoid high-fat foods will help maintain cholesterol levels.
Question 2 of 5
Ciprofloxacin is prescribed for the client to treat a UTI. Which information should the nurse stress when teaching the client about the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Milk or yogurt decreases its absorption and should be avoided. B: Bismuth subsalicylate decreases the absorption of ciprofloxacin and should be avoided. C: Fennel will decrease, not increase, the absorption of the ciprofloxacin. D: Dietary calcium can be taken at any time; it is unaffected by ciprofloxacin.
Question 3 of 5
One of the major functions of the kidneys in maintaining normal fluid balance is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Major functions of the kidneys in maintaining normal fluid balance include regulation of extracellular fluid and osmolarity by selective retention and excretion of fluids, regulation of pH of the extracellular fluid by retention of hydrogen ions, and excretion of metabolic wastes and toxic substances. ADH is manufactured by the pituitary, and the parathyroid regulates calcium and phosphate balance.
Question 4 of 5
The client admitted for inpatient treatment of an anxiety disorder has been taking fluoxetine for the past 9 months. The HCP prescribes a new antianxiety medication and discontinues fluoxetine. What is the nurse's most appropriate intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because of its long half-life, there is a relatively low risk of adverse effects when discontinuing fluoxetine (Prozac). The client should be reassured and taught about the change of antianxiety medication.
Question 5 of 5
The client, hospitalized with an exacerbation of SLE, is to receive methylprednisolone 20 mg IV q8h. Which intervention should the nurse anticipate being included in the client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A: Clients receiving systemic corticosteroids are at risk for hypertension, not orthostatic hypotension. B: Constipation is not an adverse effect of corticosteroid therapy. C: Antihistamine medications are not used before administration of corticosteroids. D: Methylprednisolone (Medrol, Solu-Medrol) is a corticosteroid. Therapy with corticosteroids causes hyperglycemia. The blood glucose level should be monitored.