NCLEX-PN
MSC NCLEX Physiological Integrity Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
An infection in a central venous access device is not eliminated by giving antibiotics through the catheter. How might bacterial glycocalyx contribute to this?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glycocalyx is a viscous polysaccharide or polypeptide slime that covers microbes, enhancing adherence to surfaces, resisting phagocytic engulfment, and preventing antibiotics from contacting the microbe.
Question 2 of 5
Ciprofloxacin is prescribed for the client to treat a UTI. Which information should the nurse stress when teaching the client about the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Milk or yogurt decreases its absorption and should be avoided. B: Bismuth subsalicylate decreases the absorption of ciprofloxacin and should be avoided. C: Fennel will decrease, not increase, the absorption of the ciprofloxacin. D: Dietary calcium can be taken at any time; it is unaffected by ciprofloxacin.
Question 3 of 5
The 40-year-old client is receiving levothyroxine for treatment of hypothyroidism. Which serum laboratory results should lead the nurse to conclude that the client's dose is adequate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A: Cortisol levels are used to evaluate adrenal and not thyroid function. B: Restoration of normal laboratory values for TSH and free T4 indicates that the dose of levothyroxine (Synthroid) is therapeutic. C: T3 is used to evaluate the effectiveness of liothyronine and propylthiouracil, used in the treatment of thyroid disorders. D: The WBC count is used to determine if the client has an infection. Evaluation of serum glucose and potassium levels is unrelated to the use of levothyroxine.
Question 4 of 5
The hospitalized child who has a blood lead level of 50 mcg/dL is to receive succimer 10 mg/kg oral capsule q8h for 5 days. The child weighs 20 kg. Which intervention by the student nurse should be corrected by the observing nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: The 20-kg child should receive two capsules of succimer (Chemet), not one. Dose (mg) = 20 kg x 10 mg/kg = 200 mg. B: Succimer capsules can be opened and sprinkled on a small amount of food or in liquid to be swallowed; two 100-mg capsules = 200 mg, which is the correct dose. C: Fluids should be increased to prevent renal damage because succimer is excreted by the kidneys. D: Succimer forms a water-soluble compound with lead, allowing urinary elimination of excessive amounts of lead. Lead is removed from the blood, and theoretically some lead is removed from tissues and organs.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following injuries, if demonstrated by a client entering the Emergency Department, is the highest priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A stab wound to the chest might result in lung collapse and mediastinal shift that, if untreated, could lead to death. Treatment of an obstructed airway or a chest wound is a higher priority than hemorrhage. The principle of ABC (airway, breathing, and circulation) prioritizes care decisions.