NCLEX-PN
MSC NCLEX Physiological Integrity Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
One of the major functions of the kidneys in maintaining normal fluid balance is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Major functions of the kidneys in maintaining normal fluid balance include regulation of extracellular fluid and osmolarity by selective retention and excretion of fluids, regulation of pH of the extracellular fluid by retention of hydrogen ions, and excretion of metabolic wastes and toxic substances. ADH is manufactured by the pituitary, and the parathyroid regulates calcium and phosphate balance.
Question 2 of 5
The child with CF is prescribed vitamin A supplements. Which finding by the clinic nurse indicates that the vitamin has been effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: A water-miscible form of vitamin A is given in children diagnosed with CF because the uptake of the fat-soluble vitamins is decreased. One of the functions of vitamin A is to keep epithelial tissue healthy by aiding the differentiation of specialty cells. B: Other treatments for CF, such as bronchodilators and recombinant human deoxyribonuclease dornase alfa (Pulmozyme), decrease the viscosity of secretions. C: Vitamin K, another fat-soluble vitamin administered in CF, increases coagulation. D: Vitamin A has no effect on pancreatic enzyme absorption.
Question 3 of 5
Melissa Smith came to the Emergency Department in the last week before her estimated date of confinement complaining of headaches, blurred vision, and vomiting. Suspecting PIH, the nurse should best respond to Melissa's complaints with which of the following statements?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) symptoms like headaches, blurred vision, and vomiting suggest preeclampsia, which is best managed with bed rest at home unless severe, requiring hospitalization.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is working with the family whose child is taking atomoxetine for ADHD. Which instructions should the nurse include when teaching the parents? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Atomoxetine (Strattera) should be taken after meals, at least 6 hours before bedtime, with weekly weight monitoring and caution with OTC medications.
Question 5 of 5
Prior to administering filgrastim, the nurse reviews the laboratory report results for the 3-year-old who completed the second round of chemotherapy three weeks ago. Which finding indicates a therapeutic response to filgrastim?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A: The Hct of 31% is normal but is unaffected by filgrastim, a colony-stimulating factor. B: The eosinophil count of 6% is elevated (0 to 2% is normal) but is not related to filgrastim use. C: Filgrastim (Neupogen) is a colony-stimulating factor used to increase the production of WBCs in persons who have bone marrow depression from chemotherapy. D: The platelet count of 150,000/mm3 is normal but is not used to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of filgrastim.