Hematologic Disorders NCLEX Questions

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The new nurse requests information about chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Which statements should an experienced nurse include?

Correct Answer: A, B, D, F

Rationale: CLL derives from a malignant clone of B lymphocytes. T-lymphocytic CLL is rare. B. Two-thirds of all persons with CLL are older than 60 years at diagnosis. C. Treatment for CLL includes chemotherapy with fludarabine (Fludara), but a major side effect is prolonged bone marrow suppression. D. Clients with CLL are monitored, and treatment is initiated when symptoms are severe (night sweats, painful lymphadenopathy) or the disease progresses to later stages. E. In CLL there is an accumulation of mature-appearing but functionally inactive lymphocytes, and not immature lymphocytes. Excessive accumulation of immature lymphocytes occurs in ALL. F. Because many persons are asymptomatic, it is often diagnosed during a routine physical or during treatment for another condition.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse is caring for a child who has hemophilia. He is admitted with a bleeding episode. Which of the following should the nurse expect will be given to stop the bleeding?

A. Heparin B. Cryoprecipitate C. Packed cells D. Whole blood

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cryoprecipitate contains clotting factors, such as factor VIII, essential for stopping bleeding in hemophilia.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse is caring for the client placed on neutropenic precautions. Which interventions should the nurse implement?

A. Apply pressure for at least 5 minutes to any site that is bleeding. B. Prevent anyone from bringing fresh flowers into the client’s room. C. Teach the client to avoid eating unwashed fruit and vegetables. D. Perform hand hygiene before touching any of the client’s belongings. E. Inform the client that fresh water will be delivered every hour. F. Stop visitors from entering the room if observed to be coughing.

Correct Answer: B, C, D, F, A.

Rationale: Pressure should be applied to an area that is bleeding when the client has thrombocytopenia, not neutropenia. B. Fresh flowers harbor microorganisms that can cause an infection. C. Unwashed fruits and vegetables have been found to be colonized with various bacteria, particularly gram-negative enteric organisms, as well as pseudomonas and fungi. Recent research indicates that well-washed fresh fruits and vegetables may be eaten. D. Hand hygiene reduces microbial counts on hands and helps to prevent the transmission of microorganisms to the client’s belongings. E. The client should not consume any liquids that have been standing at room temperature for longer than an hour due to risk of microbial colonization. F. Visitors with a transmittable infection place the client at a high risk for becoming infected due to the client’s depressed immune system.

Question 4 of 5

The charge nurse is making assignments on a medical floor. Which client should be assigned to the most experienced nurse?

A. The client diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia who is prescribed iron supplements. B. The client diagnosed with pernicious anemia who is receiving vitamin B12 intramuscularly. C. The client diagnosed with aplastic anemia who has developed pancytopenia. D. The client diagnosed with renal disease who has a deficiency of erythropoietin.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Aplastic anemia with pancytopenia (
C) is complex, risking bleeding/infection, requiring experienced care. Iron (
A), B12 (
B), and renal anemia (
D) are more stable.

Question 5 of 5

When assessing the client who is recovering from a radical hysterectomy with vulvectomy, the nurse notes lymphedema of the lower extremities. Which intervention should be implemented by the nurse?

A. Elevate the head of the client’s bed to 45 degrees. B. Increase the client’s intake of fluids high in sodium. C. Encourage the client to exercise the lower extremities. D. Apply splints to both of the client’s lower extremities.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A. Elevating the head of the bed to a 45-degree angle may increase lymphedema of the lower extremities. B. Intake of fluids high in sodium will cause fluid retention. C. Leg exercises will improve drainage when lymphedema is present. D. Lower-extremity splints can cause skin breakdown of edematous tissue.

Hematologic Disorders NCLEX Questions | Nurselytic

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