NCLEX-PN
Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client is to receive a first dose of oral sulfamethoxazole 1 g every 12 hours for treatment of recurrent UTIs. Which information about the client should prompt the nurse to question the medication order?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A: History of gastric ulcer is not a contraindication for the use of sulfamethoxazole. B: Type 1 diabetes does not prevent the use of sulfamethoxazole. C: A positive urine culture would be an indication for using sulfamethoxazole. D: Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra), a sulfonamide antibiotic, is a category D medication for near-term pregnancy. This means there is positive evidence of human fetal risk, but the benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk (e.g., for a life-threatening illness or a serious disease for which safer medications cannot be used or are ineffective).
Question 2 of 5
The client is taking metolazone and diltiazem for treatment of hypertension. Which statement made by the client to the nurse indicates further teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A: Consuming foods daily that are high in potassium is recommended. Thiazide diuretics such as metolazone (Zaroxolyn) can result in hypokalemia. B: The diuretic metolazone (Zaroxolyn) should not be taken at bedtime to avoid nocturia and the subsequent loss of sleep. C: The client should not consume grapefruit juice because it inhibits the metabolism of diltiazem (Cardizem) and can cause toxicity. This client statement indicates the need for further teaching. D: NSAIDs such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) can decrease the diuretic and antihypertensive effects of thiazide diuretics.
Question 3 of 5
Signs of impaired breathing in infants and children include all of the following except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lip quivering is a distracter. Signs of impaired breathing in infants and children include all the other options.
Question 4 of 5
One day postoperative, the client complains of dyspnea, and his respiratory rate (RR) is 35, slightly labored, and there are no breath sounds in the lower-right base. The nurse should suspect:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: No breath sounds in the lower-right base postoperative suggest atelectasis, a lung collapse common after surgery, causing dyspnea and tachypnea.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing instructions to the client taking alprazolam. Which substances should the client be instructed to avoid? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,E,F
Rationale: Alcohol, narcotics, antihistamines, and antidepressants can increase CNS side effects when taken with alprazolam (Xanax).