NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client is diagnosed with esophageal diverticula. Which lifestyle modification should be taught by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eating at least two hours before bed prevents food pooling in the diverticula, reducing regurgitation risk. Raising the bed foot, specific diets, and binders are not standard.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is discharging the client after Billroth II surgery (gastrojejunostomy). To assist the client to control dumping syndrome, which information should the nurse include in the client’s discharge instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Drinking fluids at mealtime increases the size of the food bolus that enters the stomach. B. Carbohydrates are more rapidly digested than fats and proteins and would cause the food bolus to pass quickly into the intestine, increasing the likelihood that dumping syndrome would occur. Meals high in carbohydrates result in postprandial hypoglycemia, which is considered a variant of dumping syndrome. C. Small, frequent meals are recommended to decrease dumping syndrome. D. Lying down after meals slows the passage of the food bolus into the intestine and helps to control dumping syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
The client is hospitalized with a large bowel obstruction resulting in massive abdominal distention. Which assessment findings should be most concerning to the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased lung sounds are the most concerning finding because it can be life-threatening. Massive distention can impair function of the diaphragm, which in turn leads to atelectasis and compromised respiratory function.
Question 4 of 5
The client with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted into the intensive care department with frank gastric bleeding. Which priority intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inserting an NG tube with saline lavage helps remove blood, assess bleeding severity, and stabilize the client with frank gastric bleeding. Intake/output monitoring, calorie counts, and rest are secondary to controlling active hemorrhage.
Question 5 of 5
The client is placed on percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube feedings. Which occurrence warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A dislodged PEG tube risks peritonitis or feeding leakage, requiring immediate intervention.
Tolerated feedings, thirst, and green stool are less urgent.