NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Exam Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse writes the following nursing diagnosis for a client in acute renal failure--Impaired gas exchange related to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Red blood cell production is impaired in renal failure owing to impaired erythropoietin production. This causes a decrease in the delivery of oxygen to the tissue and impairs gas exchange. The conversion of vitamin D to its physiologically active form is impaired in renal failure. In renal failure, a decrease in red blood cell production occurs owing to an impaired production of erythropoietin, leading to impaired gas exchange at the cellular level. The decreased production of renin in renal failure causes an increased production of aldosterone causing sodium and water retention.
Question 2 of 5
Which is true regarding the administration of antacids?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antacids can bind to other medications, reducing their absorption, so they should be administered at least 1–2 hours apart from other drugs. Timing with meals depends on the condition, and they are not given with every meal/snack or to enhance other drug absorption.
Question 3 of 5
A pregnant client complains of varicosities in the third trimester. Which of the following activities should she be advised to avoid?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sitting with the legs crossed at the ankles does not interfere with circulation or create pressure points. TED stockings will help to reduce the varicosity by supporting the vein. Stockings must be applied with legs elevated. Support pantyhose help to reduce the varicosity by supporting the vein. They also provide support to the uterus and allow for better return circulation. Hose must be applied like TED stockings. Knee-high stockings create constriction and pressure points that interfere with circulation in the lower extremities.
Question 4 of 5
A client with Hodgkin's lymphoma is receiving Platinol (cisplatin). To help prevent nephrotoxicity, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cisplatin is nephrotoxic, and adequate hydration helps dilute the drug and protect the kidneys, reducing the risk of renal damage.
Question 5 of 5
Which instruction should be given to the client who has been prescribed a dry powder inhaler for treatment of COPD?
Correct Answer: A, D, E
Rationale: Dry powder inhaler use involves removing the cap and shaking (
A), placing the mouthpiece in the mouth (
D), and weekly dry cleaning (E). Rinsing (
B) risks moisture damage, and spacers (
C) are typically for metered-dose inhalers.