NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Exam Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A toddler with otitis media has just completed antibiotic therapy. A recheck appointment should be made to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A recheck after antibiotic therapy for otitis media confirms resolution of the infection, ensuring no persistent effusion or complications. Hearing tests or new prescriptions are not routinely needed.
Question 2 of 5
A 23-year-old female client is brought to the emergency room by her roommate for repeatedly making superficial cuts on her wrists and experiencing wide mood swings. She is very angry and hostile. Her medical diagnosis is adjustment disorder versus borderline personality disorder. The client comments to the nurse, 'Nobody in here seems to really care about the clients. I thought nurses cared about people!' The client is exhibiting the ego defense mechanism:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reaction formation is the development and demonstration of attitudes and/or behaviors opposite to what an individual actually feels. The client's comment does reveal her anger and hostility. Rationalization, another ego defense mechanism, is offering a socially acceptable or seemingly logical explanation to justify one's feelings, behaviors, or motives. The client's comment does not reflect rationalization. Splitting, the viewing of people or situations as either all good or all bad, is frequently used by persons experiencing a disruption in self-concept. This ego defense mechanism is reflective of the individual's inability to integrate the positive and negative aspects of self. Sublimation, the channeling of socially unacceptable impulses and behaviors into more acceptable patterns of behavior, is another ego defense mechanism. The client's comment reveals that she is not engaging in sublimation.
Question 3 of 5
A 10-year-old has been diagnosed with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The clinical findings were proteinuria, moderately elevated blood pressure, and periorbital edema. Which dietary plan is most appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A high-protein diet is usually indicated because protein is excreted in urine. Protein restriction is usually prescribed with severe azotemia. The kidneys usually enlarge in these children, and sodium and water are retained. Fluid restriction may be ordered to help reduce edema; however, monitoring for dehydration is indicated. A high-cholesterol diet would not be indicated for any child, especially one with elevated blood pressure.
Question 4 of 5
A pregnant client complains of varicosities in the third trimester. Which of the following activities should she be advised to avoid?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sitting with the legs crossed at the ankles does not interfere with circulation or create pressure points. TED stockings will help to reduce the varicosity by supporting the vein. Stockings must be applied with legs elevated. Support pantyhose help to reduce the varicosity by supporting the vein. They also provide support to the uterus and allow for better return circulation. Hose must be applied like TED stockings. Knee-high stockings create constriction and pressure points that interfere with circulation in the lower extremities.
Question 5 of 5
At her monthly prenatal visit, a client reports experiencing heartburn. Which nursing measure should be included in her plan of care to help alleviate it?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: At least eight glasses of fluid per day are encouraged to help dilute stomach contents, thereby decreasing irritation. Alka Seltzer contains aspirin, which is irritating to gastric mucosa, and therefore should be avoided. Small, frequent bland meals help to decrease gastric pressure and to prevent reflux. Lying down after meals may cause gastric reflux and prevents optimal gastric emptying.