NCLEX-PN
NCLEX PN Practice Test Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with hepatic encephalopathy who is receiving lactulose. Which of the following findings would indicate that the medication has been effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lactulose is used in hepatic encephalopathy to reduce ammonia levels by promoting its excretion through the stool. Improved mental status (
A) indicates reduced ammonia toxicity, directly reflecting the medication's therapeutic effect. Looser stools (
B) and reduced abdominal distension (
C) are expected effects of lactulose but are secondary to the primary goal of ammonia reduction. Increased serum potassium (
D) is incorrect, as lactulose does not directly affect potassium levels.
Question 2 of 5
An adult who has cholecystitis reports clay-colored stools and moderate jaundice. The nurse knows that which is the best explanation for the presence of clay-colored stools and jaundice?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clay-colored stools and jaundice result from a common bile duct obstruction, preventing bile flow to the intestines and causing bilirubin buildup in the blood. The gallbladder stores, not produces, bile, and pancreatic or gallbladder issues are less directly related.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is giving preoperative medication to an adult who is scheduled for surgery. The client says to the nurse that she does not want to have a transfusion during surgery because it is against her religion. The client has signed a consent form for surgery. How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An addendum to refuse transfusions respects the client's religious beliefs, ensuring informed consent. Other responses dismiss her autonomy or delay care.
Question 4 of 5
A client diagnosed with trichomonal vaginal infection (trichomoniasis) is prescribed metronidazole. Which directions are essential for the nurse to reinforce? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Metronidazole treatment for trichomoniasis requires specific instructions. Avoiding alcohol (
A) prevents a disulfiram-like reaction. Partner treatment (
D) is essential to prevent reinfection, as trichomoniasis is sexually transmitted. Urine discoloration (E) is a possible side effect to anticipate. Douching (
B) is not recommended, as it disrupts vaginal flora. Birth control pills (
C) do not prevent recurrence of this infection.
Question 5 of 5
A low-residue diet is ordered for an adult. The nurse knows that the client understands the diet when which menu is selected?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gelatin, mashed potatoes, and sliced chicken are low-fiber, low-residue foods, suitable for the diet. Lettuce, corn, broccoli, and sesame seeds are high-fiber, increasing residue.