NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Practice Questions Free Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The charge nurse is making assignments for the day. After accepting the assignment to care for a client with leukemia, the nurse tells the charge nurse that her child has chickenpox. Which initial action should the charge nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The charge nurse should first ask if the nurse has had chickenpox or been vaccinated, as immunity prevents transmission to the immunocompromised leukemia client. If non-immune, the assignment should be changed. Asking about crusting or explaining no risk is incorrect, as varicella is contagious until lesions crust.
Question 2 of 5
When administering phenytoin (Dilantin) to a child, the nurse should be aware that a toxic effect of phenytoin therapy is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Stephens-Johnson syndrome is a toxic effect of phenytoin. Folate deficiency is a side effect of phenytoin, but not a toxic effect. Leukopenic aplastic anemia is a toxic effect of carbamazepine (Tegretol). Granulocytosis and nephrosis are toxic effects of trimethadione (Tridione).
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of Addison’s disease. Which finding indicates a potential adrenal crisis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adrenal crisis in Addison’s disease causes hypotension (e.g., 90/60 mmHg) due to cortisol and aldosterone deficiency, leading to shock. Weight gain, normal sodium, and normal heart rate are not indicative.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse should know that according to current thinking, the most important prognostic factor for a client with breast cancer is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Although tumor size is a factor in classification of cancer growth, it is not an indicator of lymph node spread. Axillary node status is the most important indicator for predicting how far the cancer has spread. If the lymph nodes are positive for cancer cells, the prognosis is poorer. The client's previous history of cancer puts her at an increased risk for breast cancer recurrence, especially if the cancer occurred in the other breast. It does not predict prognosis, however. The estrogen-progesterone assay test is used to identify present tumors being fed from an estrogen site within the body. Some breast cancers grow rapidly as long as there is an estrogen supply such as from the ovaries. The estrogen-progesterone assay test does not indicate the prognosis.
Question 5 of 5
A chronic alcoholic client's condition deteriorates, and he begins to exhibit signs of hepatic coma. Which of the following is an early sign of impending hepatic coma?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: One of the earliest symptoms of hepatic coma is mental confusion. Asterixis, a flapping tremor of the hand, may also be seen.