NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN SATA Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of heart failure is prescribed losartan (Cozaar). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Losartan, an ARB, can cause hyperkalemia, requiring monitoring of potassium levels.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of gout about dietary management. Which of the following foods should the client include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cherries reduce uric acid levels and inflammation in gout.
Question 3 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is bedridden at home and gets little exercise. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prolonged immobility in COPD increases calcium excretion due to bone resorption, risking osteoporosis. The other options are not directly related to immobility.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse assesses a client and notes puffy eyelids, swollen ankles, and crackles at both lung bases. The nurse understands that these clinical findings are most specifically associated with fluid excess in which of the following compartments?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: These symptoms indicate fluid excess in the extracellular compartment, which includes interstitial spaces (edema) and intravascular spaces (contributing to lung crackles).
Question 5 of 5
Which actions should the nurse implement to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the client who is intubated and on mechanical ventilation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because normal upper airway defenses are bypassed, clients who are intubated with mechanical ventilation are at risk for VAP. Prevention includes effective hand washing before and after suctioning, when touching ventilator equipment, and when in contact with respiratory secretions.
To prevent aspiration of colonized secretions from the oral cavity, the client will need more frequent oral cavity suctioning and at least 30 degrees head of the bed elevation. The more frequently the circuit is broken, the greater the risk for pathogen entry.