NCLEX-RN
ATI NCLEX-RN Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 40-year-old client has been admitted to the hospital with severe substernal chest pain radiating down his left arm. The nurse caring for the client establishes the following priority nursing diagnosis--Alteration in comfort, pain related to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anaerobic metabolism results because the decreased blood supply to the myocardium causes a release of lactic acid. Lactic acid is an irritant to the myocardial neural receptors, producing chest pain. Chest pain is caused by a decrease in the O2 supply to the myocardial cells. Treatment modalities for chest pain are aimed toward increasing the blood flow through coronary arteries. Chest pain causes an increase in the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. This stimulation increases the heart rate and blood pressure, causing an increase in myocardial workload aggravating the chest pain. Chest pain and anxiety cause increased secretion of catecholamines by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system. This stimulation increases chest pain by increasing the workload of the heart.
Question 2 of 5
A client's physician has prescribed theophylline (Theo-Dur) to help control the bronchospasm associated with the client's COPD. Instructions that should be given to the client include:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Theophylline toxicity can manifest as palpitations, dizziness, or restlessness, requiring immediate medical attention.
Question 3 of 5
Four days after delivery, a client develops complications of postpartal hemorrhage. The most common cause of late postpartal hemorrhage is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Late postpartum hemorrhage (after 24 hours) is most commonly caused by retained placental fragments, which prevent uterine contraction and cause bleeding. Uterine atony is more common early postpartum.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of breast cancer who is receiving Tamoxifen (Nolvadex). The nurse should monitor the client for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tamoxifen, an anti-estrogen, commonly causes hot flashes due to hormonal changes. Blood pressure, appetite, and hair loss are not primary side effects.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with a history of hypertension about lifestyle modifications. The nurse should tell the client to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reducing stress lowers blood pressure in hypertension, improving cardiovascular health.