NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Pharmacology Cheat Sheet Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
While providing home care to a client with congestive heart failure, the nurse is asked how long diuretics must be taken. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The medication must be continued so the fluid problem is controlled.' This is the most therapeutic response and gives the client accurate information.
Question 2 of 5
A woman with a 28 week pregnancy is on the way to the emergency department by ambulance with a tentative diagnosis of abruptio placenta. Which should the nurse do first when the woman arrives?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: administer oxygen by mask at 100%. Administering oxygen in this situation would increase the circulating oxygen in the mother's circulation to the fetus's circulation. This action will minimize complications.
Question 3 of 5
A 2-year-old child who weighs 33 pounds is to receive a total daily dose of 25 mg/kg of a medication. It is to be administered in three evenly divided doses. The label reads 150 mg/mL. How many milliliters will be injected per dose?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: First, convert 33 pounds to kilograms: 33 ÷ 2.2 = 15 kg.
Then, calculate daily dose: 15 × 25 = 375 mg. Divide by 3 doses: 375 ÷ 3 = 125 mg/dose. Finally, calculate volume: 125 ÷ 150 = 0.83 mL.
Question 4 of 5
A young woman delivered a 7-lb, 8-oz baby boy spontaneously. Ergotrate 0.4 mg q6h for five days is ordered. A half-hour after the nurse administers the first dose, she complains of abdominal cramping. The nurse's best response is based on which understanding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ergotrate causes uterine contractions, leading to cramping, which is the intended effect to prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is administering diltiazem (Cardizem) to a client. Prior to administration, it is important for the nurse to assess which parameter?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood pressure. Diltiazem (Cardizem) is a calcium channel blocker that causes systemic vasodilation resulting in decreased blood pressure.