NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Gastrointestinal Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which problems should the nurse include in the plan of care for the client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease to observe for physiological complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peptic ulcer disease can lead to complications like bleeding or perforation, which alter bowel elimination patterns (e.g., melena or hematochezia). Knowledge deficits and coping issues are psychosocial, and gastric emptying is less commonly affected.
Question 2 of 5
Following an esophagectomy with colon interposition (esophagoenterostomy) for esophageal cancer, the client is beginning to eat oral foods. The nurse monitors for aspiration because the client no longer has which structure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. All or part of the stomach will remain intact following an esophagoenterostomy. B. The pyloric sphincter will remain intact following an esophagoenterostomy. C. The pharynx will remain intact following an esophagoenterostomy. D. An esophagectomy for cancer involves removal of the lower esophageal sphincter, which normally functions to keep food from refluxing back into the esophagus. The absence of the lower esophageal sphincter places the client at risk for aspiration.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing a client diagnosed with GERD for discharge following an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Which statement indicates the client understands the discharge instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Avoiding acidic foods like orange juice and tomatoes reduces irritation to the esophagus, indicating understanding of dietary modifications for GERD. Not eating for a day is unnecessary, lying down after meals worsens reflux, and nausea is not the primary concern with GERD.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who uses cathartics frequently. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Understanding that daily bowel movements are not necessary reflects proper teaching to reduce cathartic overuse. Bananas, fluid limits, and dairy are incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
The client in end-stage liver failure has vitamin K deficiency. Which interventions should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Vitamin K deficiency impairs clotting, increasing bleeding risk, so avoiding rectal temperatures, using a soft toothbrush, and small-gauge needles minimize trauma. Platelet counts and asterixis are unrelated to bleeding risk.