NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Gastrointestinal Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The 25-year-old client, hospitalized with an exacerbation of distal ulcerative colitis, is prescribed mesalamine rectally via enema. The client states that an enema is disgusting and wants to know why the medication cannot be given orally. Which is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. If the client still desires a change in medication route after the rationale for rectal administration is explained, the HCP should be consulted. B. This is the nurse’s best response because it explains the purpose for administration via enema. This route delivers mesalamine (Asacol) directly to the affected area, thus maximizing effectiveness and minimizing side effects. C. Oral administration is possible, but rectal administration is preferred in distal colitis. D. Nurses cannot order medications or change medication routes without specific approval by the HCP, who is licensed to prescribe medications.
Question 2 of 5
The 25-year-old client, hospitalized with an exacerbation of distal ulcerative colitis, is prescribed mesalamine rectally via enema. The client states that an enema is disgusting and wants to know why the medication cannot be given orally. Which is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. If the client still desires a change in medication route after the rationale for rectal administration is explained, the HCP should be consulted. B. This is the nurse’s best response because it explains the purpose for administration via enema. This route delivers mesalamine (Asacol) directly to the affected area, thus maximizing effectiveness and minimizing side effects. C. Oral administration is possible, but rectal administration is preferred in distal colitis. D. Nurses cannot order medications or change medication routes without specific approval by the HCP, who is licensed to prescribe medications.
Question 3 of 5
Which intervention should the nurse implement when administering a potassium supplement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking about leg cramps assesses for hypokalemia symptoms, ensuring the potassium supplement is needed and effective. Allergies, BP, and CBC are less specific.
Question 4 of 5
The client in end-stage liver failure has vitamin K deficiency. Which interventions should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Vitamin K deficiency impairs clotting, increasing bleeding risk, so avoiding rectal temperatures, using a soft toothbrush, and small-gauge needles minimize trauma. Platelet counts and asterixis are unrelated to bleeding risk.
Question 5 of 5
Which instruction should the nurse discuss with the client who is in the icteric phase of hepatitis C?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rest periods conserve energy and support recovery during the icteric phase of hepatitis C, when jaundice and fatigue are prominent. Alcohol avoidance is general advice, and diet changes are less specific.