NCLEX-PN
MSC NCLEX Physiological Integrity Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following injuries, if demonstrated by a client entering the Emergency Department, is the highest priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A stab wound to the chest might result in lung collapse and mediastinal shift that, if untreated, could lead to death. Treatment of an obstructed airway or a chest wound is a higher priority than hemorrhage. The principle of ABC (airway, breathing, and circulation) prioritizes care decisions.
Question 2 of 5
The child with CF is prescribed vitamin A supplements. Which finding by the clinic nurse indicates that the vitamin has been effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: A water-miscible form of vitamin A is given in children diagnosed with CF because the uptake of the fat-soluble vitamins is decreased. One of the functions of vitamin A is to keep epithelial tissue healthy by aiding the differentiation of specialty cells. B: Other treatments for CF, such as bronchodilators and recombinant human deoxyribonuclease dornase alfa (Pulmozyme), decrease the viscosity of secretions. C: Vitamin K, another fat-soluble vitamin administered in CF, increases coagulation. D: Vitamin A has no effect on pancreatic enzyme absorption.
Question 3 of 5
During surgery, it is found that a client with adenocarcinoma of the rectum has positive peritoneal lymph nodes. What is the next most likely site of metastasis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rectal adenocarcinoma commonly metastasizes to the liver via the portal vein and lymphatics, making it the most likely next site.
Question 4 of 5
The hospitalized child who has a blood lead level of 50 mcg/dL is to receive succimer 10 mg/kg oral capsule q8h for 5 days. The child weighs 20 kg. Which intervention by the student nurse should be corrected by the observing nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: The 20-kg child should receive two capsules of succimer (Chemet), not one. Dose (mg) = 20 kg x 10 mg/kg = 200 mg. B: Succimer capsules can be opened and sprinkled on a small amount of food or in liquid to be swallowed; two 100-mg capsules = 200 mg, which is the correct dose. C: Fluids should be increased to prevent renal damage because succimer is excreted by the kidneys. D: Succimer forms a water-soluble compound with lead, allowing urinary elimination of excessive amounts of lead. Lead is removed from the blood, and theoretically some lead is removed from tissues and organs.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has recently started using a PCA pump for pain management. Which of the following statements indicates a need for additional education.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should assess the client for reasonable versus unreasonable expectations of pain management when using a PCA pump. The patient should not expect the pain to go away completely.