NCLEX-RN
Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX RN Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following conditions may warrant a serum creatinine level?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A serum creatinine level may be warranted in conditions that can affect renal function or cause muscle breakdown. Rhabdomyolysis, characterized by muscle injury and breakdown, can lead to elevated creatinine levels due to the release of creatinine from muscles. Digitalis toxicity can impair renal function, leading to a need for monitoring creatinine levels. Glomerulonephritis, an inflammatory condition affecting the kidney's filtering units, can also impact renal function and require assessment of creatinine levels.
Therefore, all the provided conditions may warrant a serum creatinine level to assess renal function and muscle breakdown.
Question 2 of 5
A client diagnosed with heart failure and secondary hyperaldosteronism is started on spironolactone to manage this disorder. The nurse informs the client that the need for dosage adjustment may be necessary if which medication is also being taken?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-retaining diuretic. If the client is also taking potassium chloride or another potassium supplement, the risk for hyperkalemia exists. Potassium doses need to be adjusted while the client is taking this medication. A dosage adjustment would not be necessary if the client was taking alprazolam, warfarin sodium, or verapamil hydrochloride.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following interventions is necessary before insertion of an arterial line into the radial artery?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Before inserting an arterial line into the radial artery, it is crucial to perform an Allen test. The Allen test assesses the collateral circulation to the hand by compressing both the radial and ulnar arteries. By occluding the radial artery and releasing the ulnar artery, the nurse can check if the ulnar artery can adequately supply blood to the hand if the radial artery is cannulated. This step ensures that there is adequate circulation to the hand post-insertion of the arterial line.
Choice A, ensuring that the client does not need surgery, is not directly related to the insertion of an arterial line and is not a necessary step before the procedure.
Choice B, assessing grip strength, is not specific to the vascular status of the hand and does not provide information about the adequacy of collateral circulation.
Choice D, checking a serum potassium level, is unrelated to the assessment of radial artery patency and collateral circulation, which are the primary concerns before arterial line insertion.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse provides home care instructions to a client diagnosed with cancer who has an implanted vascular access port. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Implanted vascular access ports do not require daily pumping to maintain patency; this is incorrect. Keeping the site clean and dry, notifying the doctor about redness, and flushing with saline (or heparin, per agency protocol) are correct care measures.
Question 5 of 5
A client diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) gets recurrent Candida infections of the mouth (thrush). The nurse has given the client instructions to minimize the occurrence of thrush and determines that the client understands the instructions if which statement is made by the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To minimize the occurrence of oral thrush in a client with AIDS, maintaining good oral hygiene is essential. Rinsing the mouth with warm saline or water helps keep the oral cavity clean and reduces the risk of Candida overgrowth. Using mouthwash once a week is insufficient, and brushing only once a day does not provide adequate oral hygiene. Increasing red meat intake does not directly affect thrush prevention, as dietary changes unrelated to sugar or carbohydrate reduction have little impact on Candida infections.