NCLEX-RN
Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX RN Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A child is seen in the health care clinic, and testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is performed because of the child's exposure to HIV infection. Which home care instruction should the nurse provide to the parents of the child?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parents should avoid sharing toothbrushes to prevent potential HIV transmission through blood or bodily fluids. Immunizations should be kept up to date to protect the child. Blood spills should be cleaned with a paper towel, followed by soap and water, then a bleach solution, not just a rag and air-drying. Washing hands with soap and water is sufficient; bleach is too caustic for skin.
Question 2 of 5
Which action by the client should lead the nurse to determine the need for further teaching regarding the use of the incentive spirometer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Incentive spirometry is ineffective if the client breathes through the nose. The client should exhale, form a tight seal around the mouthpiece, inhale slowly, hold to the count of 5, and remove the mouthpiece to exhale. The client should repeat the exercise approximately 10 times every hour for best results.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of depression will be participating in cognitive therapy for health maintenance. The client asks the nurse, 'How does this treatment work?' Which statement is most appropriate for the nurse to make to the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cognitive therapy is frequently used with clients who have depression. This type of therapy is based on exploring the client's personal experience. It includes examining the client's thoughts and feelings about situations and how these thoughts and feelings contribute to and perpetuate the client's difficulties and mood. The development of new coping skills, gradually confronting fears, and reviewing one's past life in relation to your current problems are not characteristics of cognitive therapy.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse should tell the client to avoid which item while taking phenelzine sulfate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenelzine sulfate is in the monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) class of antidepressant medications. An individual taking an MAOI must avoid aged cheeses, alcoholic beverages, avocados, bananas, and caffeine drinks. There are also other food items to avoid, including chocolate, meat tenderizers, pickled herring, raisins, sour cream, yogurt, and soy sauce. Medications that should be avoided include amphetamines, antiasthmatics, and certain antidepressants. The client should also avoid vasoconstrictors because their concurrent use can cause hypertensive crisis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 3-day old infant who needs an exchange transfusion. Which of the following statements is appropriate for teaching the child's parents about this procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: : An exchange transfusion is a method of controlling high bilirubin levels in infants when traditional phototherapy is unsuccessful. During an exchange transfusion, the physician removes 5-10 cc of blood and then replaces it with donor blood. The parents of this infant should know that the procedure is always performed by a physician and will take approximately 1 ½ hours to complete.