NCLEX-RN
Health Care of the Older Adult NCLEX Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following conditions is the most significant risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Obesity is the most significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes due to its impact on insulin resistance.
Question 2 of 5
Propylthiouracil (PTU) is prescribed for a client with Graves' disease. The nurse should teach the client to immediately report which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Propylthiouracil (PTU) can cause agranulocytosis, a serious condition involving a low white blood cell count, which may present as a sore throat or fever. This requires immediate reporting. The other symptoms are not typically associated with PTU side effects.
Question 3 of 5
A client is admitted to the surgical floor after having bowel surgery. The nurse observes that the client's urine output has decreased from 50 to 20 mL/hour. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Opioid analgesics, commonly used post-surgery, can cause urinary retention by relaxing the bladder, reducing urine output. This is the most likely cause in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
During the induction stage for treatment of leukemia, the nurse should remove which items that the family has brought into the room?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During leukemia induction therapy, the client is immunocompromised, and scented items like a lavender sachet may harbor bacteria or cause allergic reactions. A Bible, picture, and hairbrush (if clean) are safe and support emotional well-being.
Question 5 of 5
A client who follows a vegetarian diet was referred to a dietitian for nutritional counseling for anemia. Which client outcome indicates that the client does not understand nutritional counseling? The client:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drinking coffee or tea with meals inhibits iron absorption due to tannins, which bind to iron and reduce its bioavailability. This indicates a lack of understanding of nutritional counseling for anemia, as the client should avoid these beverages during meals. Adding dried fruit (iron source), cooking in iron pots (increases iron content), and consuming vitamin C (enhances iron absorption) are appropriate strategies.