NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following actions should the LPN perform for a client with an active digoxin IV order? Select all that apply. A. Monitor ECG rhythm throughout administration., B. Administer the medication over at least 5 minutes., C. Monitor respirations during administration., D. Monitor the client's pulse for 1 minute prior to administration., E. Assess the client's blood pressure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The LPN should monitor the client's heart rate and ECG with digoxin administration. Digoxin should not be given if a client's pulse is less than 60 bpm. Measuring blood pressure and respiratory rate are not indicated with digoxin administration. Administering an IV medication is outside of the LPN's scope of practice.
Question 2 of 5
The client with CP is taking dantrolene. The nurse evaluates that the medication is effective when noting that the client has an increase in which findings? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: A: Increased muscle spasticity indicates the medication is not effective. B: Common adverse effects include urinary frequency. C: Dantrolene acts directly on skeletal muscles to inhibit muscle contraction, improving mobility. D: Dantrolene acts directly on skeletal muscles to inhibit muscle contraction, improving the ability to maintain balance. E: Dantrolene does not increase alertness.
Question 3 of 5
The 12-year-old weighing 50 kg is hospitalized with bacterial pneumonia and an upper respiratory tract infection. The nurse is reviewing the child's serum laboratory report illustrated. Based on the findings, which HCP order is most important for the nurse to question?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: Amikacin (Amikin) is an aminoglycoside, which is nephrotoxic and should be questioned. The serum creatinine and BUN levels are elevated, suggesting decreased renal function. B: Guaifenesin (Robitussin) is used for cough. The dose is within the range for a child of 12 years. C: The serum osmolality is high, suggesting dehydration, and the potassium is low. D5 in 0.25 NaCl with 20 mEq/L at 90 mL/hr will treat the dehydration and hypokalemia. D: The acetaminophen (Tylenol) dose is within parameters, but it is concerning with the decreased renal function. Because acetaminophen is prn and amikacin is timed, the amikacin is more important to question.
Question 4 of 5
What is pica?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pica represents the ingestion of nonfood substances that leads to a clinical iron deficiency and might actually be the first sign of a problem. Clients eat a wide range of nonfood items, including ice, clay, dirt, and paste.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching the parent of the 3-year-old being treated with vincristine sulfate for Wilms' tumor. The nurse should inform the parents to immediately notify the HCP of which most significant adverse effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A: Both diarrhea and severe constipation are adverse effects of vincristine, and prophylactic treatment is implemented at the beginning of therapy to decrease the potential of these occurring. B: Hair loss is a common adverse reaction to the medication and is reversible. C: Dysphagia and paresthesia are CNS adverse effects from vincristine sulfate (Oncovin). The nurse should teach the parent to notify the HCP immediately if these occur. D: Three-year-olds may not show signs or symptoms of depression. If present, the signs and symptoms should be distinguished as being associated with the neoplastic disease itself or as side effects of the medication.