NCLEX-RN
Adult Health Med Surg NCLEX Test Bank Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which fluid is best for a client with renal calculi?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Water increases urine volume, reducing stone formation risk.
Question 2 of 5
The surgeon orders cefazolin (Ancef) 1 g to be given I.V. at 7:30 a.m. when the client's surgery is scheduled at 8:00 a.m. What is the primary reason to start the antibiotic exactly at 7:30 a.m.?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering cefazolin 30 to 60 minutes before incision ensures optimal tissue levels to prevent surgical site infections. Timing is critical for prophylactic efficacy, not legal requirements or postoperative dosing schedules.
Question 3 of 5
A client is eligible for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) when:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PCA requires the client to have the cognitive and physical ability to self-dose, ensuring safe and effective pain management.
Question 4 of 5
A client with peripheral vascular disease has bypass surgery. The primary goal of the plan of care after surgery is to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary goal post-bypass surgery for PVD is to maintain circulation, ensuring graft patency and adequate blood flow to the extremity to prevent ischemia or graft failure. Infection prevention, pain relief, and education are important but secondary to circulation.
Question 5 of 5
A client is to have a cystoscopy to rule out cancer of the bladder. Which of the following indicate that the client has developed a complication after the cystoscopy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bladder spasms post-cystoscopy indicate a complication, often due to irritation or trauma to the bladder lining, requiring medical attention. Pink-tinged urine is expected, and dizziness may relate to other causes.