NCLEX-RN
Adult Health Med Surg NCLEX Test Bank Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The surgeon orders cefazolin (Ancef) 1 g to be given I.V. at 7:30 a.m. when the client's surgery is scheduled at 8:00 a.m. What is the primary reason to start the antibiotic exactly at 7:30 a.m.?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering cefazolin 30 to 60 minutes before incision ensures optimal tissue levels to prevent surgical site infections. Timing is critical for prophylactic efficacy, not legal requirements or postoperative dosing schedules.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following signs and symptoms would probably indicate that the client with Addison's disease is receiving too much glucocorticoid replacement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rapid weight gain indicates fluid retention, a sign of excessive glucocorticoid replacement.
Question 3 of 5
A client's job involves working in a warm, dry room, frequently bending and crouching to check the underside of a high-speed press, and wearing eye guards. Given this information, the nurse should assess the client for which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Frequent bending and crouching in a warm, dry environment increases the risk of orthostatic hypotension due to dehydration and positional changes.
Question 4 of 5
The surgeon orders cefazolin (Ancef) 1 g to be given I.V. at 7:30 a.m. when the client's surgery is scheduled at 8:00 a.m. What is the primary reason to start the antibiotic exactly at 7:30 a.m.?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering cefazolin 30 to 60 minutes before incision ensures optimal tissue levels to prevent surgical site infections. Timing is critical for prophylactic efficacy, not legal requirements or postoperative dosing schedules.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following lab values should the nurse report to the health care provider when the client has anemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An absent intrinsic factor is a critical finding in clients with anemia, as it indicates pernicious anemia, a condition where the body cannot absorb vitamin B12 due to a lack of intrinsic factor. This requires immediate medical attention and lifelong B12 supplementation. An elevated Schilling test is not a standard result (the test measures B12 absorption), a sedimentation rate of 16 mm/hour is normal, and normal RBCs do not explain anemia.