NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Pediatric Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which finding best indicates that a school-age child has acute glomerular nephritis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Periorbital edema is a classic sign of acute glomerular nephritis due to fluid retention from impaired glomerular filtration, reflecting reduced sodium and water excretion.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse would expect to withhold penicillin V (Pen-Vee-K) and notify the physician if the child had a previous allergic reaction to a medication from which drug group?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Penicillin V is a penicillin antibiotic, and cephalosporins have a similar beta-lactam structure, which can lead to cross-reactivity in patients with penicillin allergies. Withholding penicillin and notifying the physician is necessary if the child has a cephalosporin allergy.
Question 3 of 5
19 years old primigravida comes in emergency at 32 weeks of gestation. She is complaining of blurring of vision,gross edema. On examination her B.P is 170/115 mm Hg. What is the most likely diagnosis:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension (BP ≥140/90 mmHg) after 20 weeks gestation with symptoms like edema and visual disturbances. Eclampsia involves seizures which are not mentioned. Hypertension alone lacks other symptoms and renal or thyroid disease are less likely without specific indicators.
Question 4 of 5
The common possible cause of oligohydramnios is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Renal agenesis leads to oligohydramnios because the fetus cannot produce urine a major component of amniotic fluid. Other options are less commonly associated with reduced amniotic fluid.
Question 5 of 5
As the nurse prepares to administer prophylactic eye treatment to prevent gonorrheal conjunctivitis in the full-term newborn,the newborn’s father asks if it is really necessary to put something into his baby’s eyes. Which statement should be the basis for the nurse’s response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Currently every U.S. state requires that newborns receive prophylactic eye treatment against gonorrheal conjunctivitis. Refusal requires formal documentation the antibiotic is topical only and prophylaxis must be given within 1 hour of birth.