NCLEX-PN
NCLEX PN Exam Cram Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
What must the evening nurse do to facilitate the client's ECT treatment the next morning?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatment, obtaining informed consent is crucial before the procedure. This ensures the patient is aware of the risks, benefits, and alternatives to the treatment. Administering medications, ensuring rest, and dietary restrictions are important but not directly related to the specific requirement of obtaining informed consent for ECT. The correct answer, ensuring the patient signs an informed consent form, is essential to uphold the patient's autonomy and ensure they have the necessary information to make an informed decision about their treatment.
Question 2 of 5
Which system is primarily affected by tuberculosis (Mycobacterium)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affects the respiratory system. This aerobic bacillus thrives in highly oxygenated body sites, such as the lungs, growing ends of bones, and the brain. The bacillus is airborne, making the lungs a common site for infection.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as tuberculosis predominantly impacts the respiratory system and rarely involves the stomach, heart, or skin.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following symptoms is most characteristic of a client with lung cancer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most characteristic symptom of lung cancer is a persistent changing cough. This cough may worsen over time and may produce blood-tinged sputum. Exertional dyspnea (
Choice
A) is more common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COP
D) due to airway obstruction. Air hunger and dyspnea (
Choice
C) are more typical of conditions like asthma. Cough with night sweats (
Choice
D) is commonly associated with tuberculosis rather than lung cancer.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following arterial blood gas values indicates a patient may be experiencing a condition of metabolic acidosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bicarbonate 15 mEq/L. In metabolic acidosis, the bicarbonate levels are lower than normal. A bicarbonate value of 15 mEq/L indicates a deficit in the buffer system, contributing to the acidosis.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect.
Choice A, PaO2 90 mm Hg, reflects oxygen partial pressure and is not directly related to metabolic acidosis.
Choice C, CO2 47 mm Hg, represents carbon dioxide levels and is more indicative of respiratory status.
Choice D, pH 7.34, falls within the normal range (7.35-7.45) and does not confirm metabolic acidosis.
Question 5 of 5
A 22-year-old patient in a mental health lock-down unit under suicide watch appears happy about being discharged. Which of the following is probably happening?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, it is concerning that a patient under suicide watch is happy about being discharged as it may indicate that the patient's suicide plan has advanced. This change in behavior should be taken seriously as it can signal an increased risk of self-harm.
Choices A, C, and D are less likely as the patient's happiness about discharge in this context is more indicative of a worsening situation rather than positive outcomes like being around family, clarifying future plans, or improving mood.