NCLEX-RN
Free NCLEX RN Questions for Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The rate at which I.V. fluids are infused is based on the burn client's:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Parkland Formula uses total body weight and percentage of BSA burned to calculate fluid requirements, ensuring adequate resuscitation based on burn severity.
Question 2 of 5
A client's serum ammonia level is elevated, and the physician orders 30 mL of lactulose (Cephulac). Which of the following is an adverse effect of this drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lactulose promotes bowel movements (
C) to excrete ammonia, a common adverse effect. Urine output (
A) and consciousness (
B) are not adverse effects. Nausea (
D) is less common.
Question 3 of 5
The client's serum potassium level is elevated in acute renal failure, and the nurse administers sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate). This drug acts to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kayexalate exchanges sodium for potassium in the colon, reducing serum potassium levels in acute renal failure.
Question 4 of 5
A pulmonary artery catheter is inserted in a client with severe mitral stenosis and regurgitation. The nurse administers furosemide (Lasix) to treat pulmonary congestion and begins a Nitroprusside (Nipride) drip for afterload reduction per physician orders. The nurse notices a sudden drop in the pulmonary artery diastolic pressure and pulmonary artery wedge pressure. Which of the following has the highest priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A sudden drop in pulmonary pressures may indicate hypotension from nitroprusside. Assessing blood pressure is the priority to ensure adequate perfusion.
Question 5 of 5
After a laminectomy, the client states, 'The physician said that I can do anything I want to.' Which of the following client-stated activities indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sweeping involves twisting and bending, which can strain the surgical site post-laminectomy.