NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The parent of the 2-year-old with asthma has been given instructions about asthma control and Step Therapy. Which statement, if made by the parent, should indicate to the nurse that the parent has an adequate understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A: Asthma symptoms (wheezing) occurring 2 or fewer days per week should be treated at
Step 1. B: A respiratory tract infection may require the increased use of short-acting beta agonists, but an inhaled corticosteroid should not be added until the child is evaluated by the HCP. C: The use of the nebulizer twice a week or less should be treated at
Step 1. D: Nighttime waking with asthma symptoms 1 to 2 times per month indicates the need to proceed to
Step 2 therapy, which includes the use of an inhaled corticosteroid.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing the client newly started on benztropine mesylate. Which findings indicate that the client is experiencing the most common side effects of benztropine mesylate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Blurred vision, dry mouth, and constipation are common side effects of anticholinergic agents like benztropine mesylate (Cogentin).
Question 3 of 5
The child, admitted to the ED, is experiencing nausea and vomiting, salivation, respiratory muscle weakness, and depressed reflexes an hour after exposure to pesticides. Which medications should the nurse anticipate administering to the child?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A: Flumazenil (Romazicon) antagonizes the effects of benzodiazepines on the CNS, such as sedation, impaired recall, and psychomotor impairment. B: An organophosphate base in pesticides causes acetylcholine to accumulate at neuromuscular junctions. Atropine (Atropine), an anticholinergic medication, and pralidoxime chloride (Protopam), a cholinesterase reactivator, are effective antidotes to reverse the symptoms. C: Epinephrine (EpiPen) is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist and cardiac stimulant that strengthens myocardial contractions, increases systolic BP, increases cardiac rate and output, and constricts bronchial arterioles, inhibiting histamine release. Naloxone (Narcan) is a narcotic antagonist that reverses the effects of opiates. D: Digoxin immune Fab (Digibind) is the antidote for digoxin and digitoxin, which acts by complexing with circulating digoxin or digitoxin, preventing the drug from binding at receptor sites.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse applies a fentanyl transdermal patch to the client for the first time. Shortly after application, the client is experiencing pain. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A: Removing the patch is unnecessary; effective analgesia may take 12 to 24 hours. B: The nurse should administer a short-acting opioid analgesic. When the first fentanyl (Duragesic) transdermal patch is applied, effective analgesia may take 12 to 24 hours because absorption is slow. C: Transdermal patches should not be rubbed to enhance absorption; it can cause the delivery of the medication to fluctuate. D: It is premature to request a higher dose of fentanyl.
Question 5 of 5
Which type of hepatitis is transmitted via the fecal-oral route?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route, often through contaminated food or water, unlike B, C, and D, which are primarily bloodborne.