NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Questions on Genitourinary System Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse writes the client problem of 'fluid volume excess' (FVE). Which intervention should be included in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restricting sodium reduces fluid retention in FVE, as sodium promotes water reabsorption. D5W provides free water, worsening FVE; glucose monitoring is unrelated; and hemodialysis is reserved for severe cases.
Question 2 of 5
Which symptom indicative of renal failure would the nurse expect to note when assessing this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anemia is a common symptom of renal failure due to decreased erythropoietin production by the kidneys.
Question 3 of 5
When the client complains about the bland taste of the food, the nurse appropriately recommends substituting salt with which condiment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lemon juice is a low-sodium flavor enhancer, suitable for a sodium-restricted diet, unlike catsup, mustard, or soy sauce.
Question 4 of 5
The clinic nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with chronic pyelonephritis who is prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim), a sulfa antibiotic, twice a day for 90 days. Which statement is the scientific rationale for prescribing this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic pyelonephritis often requires long-term antibiotics like Bactrim to suppress bacterial growth when complete eradication is not possible. It does not treat spasms, and 90 days may not eliminate all bacteria or be for future use.
Question 5 of 5
The client diagnosed with ARF is placed on bedrest. The client asks the nurse, 'Why do I have to stay in bed? I don’t feel bad.' Which scientific rationale supports the nurse’s response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bedrest reduces the body’s metabolic demands, minimizing stress on the kidneys during the acute phase of ARF. It does not directly increase renal blood flow, reduce heart workload, or address edema in this context.