NCLEX-RN
Medical Surgical NCLEX RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse should teach clients that the most common route of transmitting tubercle bacilli from person to person is through contaminated:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tuberculosis is primarily spread through droplet nuclei produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Dust, water, and utensils are not significant transmission routes.
Question 2 of 5
The incidence and risk of cancer increase when smoking is combined with:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking combined with asbestos exposure and alcohol consumption significantly increases cancer risk, particularly for lung and head/neck cancers, due to synergistic carcinogenic effects.
Question 3 of 5
A client with ascites and peripheral edema is at risk for impaired skin integrity. To prevent skin breakdown, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An alternating air pressure mattress (
C) prevents pressure ulcers in clients with edema. ROM exercises (
A) and elevation (
D) are helpful but secondary. Abdominal massage (
B) is not indicated.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with macular degeneration. Identify the illustration that best depicts what clients with this disorder typically see
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In macular degeneration the center vision is blackened out and only the outer visual fields are clear.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is planning care for an 80-year-old client with a pressure ulcer (see figure). The nurse should do which of the following? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Protective dressings, frequent repositioning, and pressure-relieving mattresses promote healing and prevent worsening of pressure ulcers. High head elevation increases shear, and daily cultures are unnecessary unless infection is suspected.