NCLEX-RN
Medical Surgical NCLEX RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with renal calculi is prescribed potassium citrate. The purpose is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Potassium citrate alkalinizes urine, preventing uric acid stone formation.
Question 2 of 5
The client has a sustained increased intracranial pressure (ICP) of 20 mm Hg. Which client position would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed 30 to 45 degrees promotes venous drainage from the brain, reducing ICP. Trendelenburg's position increases ICP by impeding venous return, Sims position is unrelated to ICP management, and pillows may not ensure consistent elevation or neutral neck alignment.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse administers theophylline (TheoDur) to a client. To evaluate the effectiveness of this medication, which of the following drug actions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Theophylline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, relieving bronchospasm in COPD. It does not suppress infection, reduce secretions, or thin sputum.
Question 4 of 5
Eight hours after surgery, a client has a distended bladder and is unable to void. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A distended bladder and inability to void suggest urinary retention, common post-surgery. Inserting a straight catheter relieves the bladder and prevents complications like overdistension.
Question 5 of 5
A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking ibuprofen with another NSAID increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, indicating a knowledge deficit.