NCLEX-PN
Hematology NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing the client for a bone marrow biopsy of the iliac crest. Place the nurse’s actions in order of priority.
Correct Answer: D, F, B, A, C, E:
Rationale: Verify that the HCP has explained the procedure. The HCP should include the purpose, intended outcomes, and potential complications. F. Teach what may be expected during the procedure, including that pressure or discomfort may be experienced. B. Obtain a signed informed consent. This is obtained only after the HCP has met with the client and teaching is completed. A. Premedicate with lorazepam (Ativan). Midazolam (Versed) is another option for sedation. A local anesthetic is used at the site, and some clients may not need sedation. C. Position prone and provide emotional support. The client should be prone because the iliac crest is the site being used for this biopsy, but the position will vary with the site. Holding the client’s hand and using guided imagery help support the client. E. Check for signs of bleeding every 2 hours for 24 hours. A pressure dressing is applied by the HCP after the procedure. Ice can be applied to reduce bruising and for comfort.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse explains “watchful waiting” (ongoing visits to a physician for observation of signs and symptoms without treatment) to the client with prostate cancer. Which client is a candidate for “watchful waiting”?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. The client with prostate cancer that has metastasized to the bone generally requires aggressive therapy. B. The client is a candidate for “watchful waiting” when older than age 70 with a life expectancy of less than 10 years and with low-grade disease. C. The client with extension of the tumor outside of the prostate generally requires aggressive therapy. D. The client who is asymptomatic with an elevated prostate-specific antigen generally requires aggressive therapy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse assesses that the client who is receiving radiation for cervical cancer continues to have diarrhea. Which nursing advice is most appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. The client with diarrhea should eat a low-residue diet to decrease roughage and bowel irritability and take sitz (or tub) baths twice daily to increase comfort. B. Intake of fluids that are high in potassium (not low) is recommended to replace electrolytes lost through diarrhea. C. Milk products are discouraged because they increase bowel irritability. D. Intake of fluids high in sodium should be avoided because it contributes to water retention, but hydrocolloid pads may be used on reddened areas to promote healing.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for clients on an oncology unit. Which neutropenia precautions should be implemented?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neutropenia increases infection risk; limiting fresh fruits/flowers (
B) reduces microbial exposure. Holding venipuncture (
A) prevents bleeding, reverse isolation (
C) is excessive, and soft toothbrushes (
D) prevent gum trauma but are secondary.
Question 5 of 5
Which statement is the scientific rationale for infusing a unit of blood in less than four (4) hours?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood must infuse within 4 hours (
B) to minimize bacterial growth risk. Coagulation (
A) is not primary, components (
C) degrade minimally, and lab procedure (
D) is incorrect.