NCLEX-PN
Hematology NCLEX Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is discussing the prevention of bladder cancer with the client. Which factors that increase the client’s risk for bladder cancer should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: B, D, E, A
Rationale: Consumption of caffeine is not associated with an increased risk for bladder cancer. B. Smoking is the number one cause of bladder cancer in the world. C. Studies show a protective effect with an increased intake of vitamins A, B6, and E. D. Exposure to aromatic amines in the textile and paint industries is clearly associated with bladder cancer. E. Exposure to aromatic amines in the rubber industry is clearly associated with bladder cancer.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing the client newly diagnosed with endometrial cancer. Which common findings would the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Abnormal vaginal bleeding and pain in the pelvic region appear as the most common presenting symptoms in the client with endometrial cancer. B. Weight loss is not a common presenting symptom unless the cancer is advanced. Night sweats may occur with hormone changes. C. Supraclavicular lymph nodes are located just above the clavicle, lateral to where it joins the sternum, and not near the uterus. D. Unexplained temperature spikes and splenomegaly are not common presenting symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching self-care measures to the client hospitalized with HP. Which measures should the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: B, C, D
Rationale: Dental floss can traumatize the gums and increase the risk for bleeding. B. Because the client is at risk for bleeding due to low platelet counts, measures to decrease the risk of bleeding should be implemented, such as using an electric razor. C. Throw rugs and clutter increase the risk for falls with subsequent bleeding. D. Fiber and fluids help prevent constipation. Constipation can lead to hemorrhoids and increase the risk for bleeding. E. Platelet transfusions are usually avoided because the person’s antiplatelet antibodies bind with the transfused platelets, causing them to be destroyed.
Question 4 of 5
The client asks the nurse to look at a lesion on the client’s body. Which characteristics should prompt the nurse to consider that the client may have a basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: BCC is nodular and ulcerative. Clinical manifestations include small, slowly enlarging papule; borders are translucent or “pearly” with overlying telangiectasia; erosion, ulceration, and depression of center. B. Clinical manifestations of malignant melanoma (not BC
C) include irregular color, surface, and border; variegation of color including red, white, blue, black, gray, brown; flat or elevated; eroded or ulcerated. C. Actinic keratosis (not BC
C) is characterized by being horny and “wartlike.” D. Impetigo is characterized by thick, honey-colored crusts and is treated with antibiotics and topical treatment.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for the following clients. Which client should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Platelets 75,000 (
C) indicate thrombocytopenia, risking bleeding, a priority. PTT 38 (
A) is therapeutic, Hb/Hct (
B) are normal, and RBC 4.8 (
D) is normal.