NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for the client with diverticulitis. The nurse should plan to instruct the client to avoid which food during an episode of diverticulitis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. White bread is a recommended food for fiber-restricted diets. It contains less than 1 g fiber per ounce. B. Ripe bananas, canned soft fruits, and most well-cooked vegetables without seeds or skins are recommended for fiber-restricted diets. C. Cooked oatmeal contains 4 g of fiber per serving. Foods high in fiber should be avoided during an episode of diverticulitis, and foods should be restricted to low fiber or clear liquids. Once diverticulitis is resolved, the client should return to a high-fiber diet. D. Iceberg lettuce contains less than 1 g of fiber.
Question 2 of 5
While performing a home visit, the nurse observes that the client’s head of the bed is raised on 6-in. blocks. The nurse should question the client for a history of which conditions?
Correct Answer: A, D
Rationale: Clients with a hiatal hernia are encouraged to sleep with the HOB elevated on 4- to 6-in. blocks to reduce intraabdominal pressure and to foster esophageal emptying. B. Dumping syndrome occurs after surgery when the stomach no longer has control over the amount of chime that enters the small intestine. Clients are encouraged to lie flat after a meal. C. Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory disease of the bowel. Positioning interventions do not decrease symptoms. D. Clients with GERD are encouraged to sleep with the HOB elevated on 4— to 6-in. blocks to reduce intraabdominal pressure and to foster esophageal emptying. E. Gastritis is inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Positioning interventions do not decrease symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
The client with hepatitis asks the nurse, 'I went to an herbalist, who recommended I take milk thistle. What do you think about the herb?' Which statement is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Milk thistle is commonly used for liver support and may have hepatoprotective effects, though evidence is limited. This response provides accurate information without dismissing the client’s query.
Question 4 of 5
The client with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted into the intensive care department with frank gastric bleeding. Which priority intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inserting an NG tube with saline lavage helps remove blood, assess bleeding severity, and stabilize the client with frank gastric bleeding. Intake/output monitoring, calorie counts, and rest are secondary to controlling active hemorrhage.
Question 5 of 5
Following a hemorrhoidectomy, the nurse is instructing the client in self-care. Which statement is especially important to include in these instructions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Washing and patting dry promotes hygiene and healing post-hemorrhoidectomy, reducing irritation.