NCLEX Questions on Neurological Disorders Quizlet

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The nurse is caring for the client who has limited intake due to dysphagia following an ischemic stroke. Which serum laboratory result should the nurse review to verify that the client is dehydrated?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The serum creatinine is elevated with renal insufficiency or renal failure. The BUN is elevated when the client is dehydrated due to the lack of fluid volume to excrete waste products. The Hgb is decreased with blood loss or anemia from nutritional deficiencies, not with dehydration. A decreased prealbumin indicates a nutritional deficiency.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse is caring for a client with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) who has secretions pooled in the throat. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

A. Set the ventilator to hyperventilate the client in preparation for suctioning. B. Assess the client’s lung sounds and check for peripheral cyanosis. C. Turn the client to the side to allow the secretions to drain from the mouth. D. Suction the client using the in-line suction, wait 30 seconds, and repeat.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pooled secretions risk airway obstruction. Turning to the side (
C) clears the airway safely without increasing ICP. Hyperventilation (
A) and suctioning (
D) may raise ICP, and assessment (
B) delays intervention.

Question 3 of 5

When planning a bowel retraining program for a client with a spinal cord injury, which nursing intervention is most appropriate?

A. Administering a stool softener twice per week B. Encouraging the client to consume a high-fiber diet C. Having the client drink two glasses of water every morning D. Teaching the client to self-administer daily enemas

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A high-fiber diet promotes regular bowel movements, which is essential for bowel retraining in spinal cord injury clients.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is caring for the older adult client with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Which treatment measure should the nurse anticipate?

A. Carotid endarterectomy B. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt C. Insertion of a lumbar drain D. Anticonvulsant medications

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A carotid endarterectomy involves removal of plaque from the carotid artery. NPH is treated with the placement of a permanent shunt in a lateral ventricle of the brain to the peritoneal cavity. The excess CSF drains into the peritoneal cavity. A lumbar drain can be used to remove CSF with disorders that increase CSF in the subarachnoid space in the lumbar area; this does not remain permanently. Anticonvulsant medications are used to treat seizures.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse is assessing a client with a history of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Which finding is most concerning and should be reported immediately?

A. Mild headache for 2 days B. Transient numbness in the left arm C. Slight dizziness when standing D. Occasional forgetfulness

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Transient numbness in the left arm may indicate a TIA, which requires immediate reporting due to the risk of progression to a stroke.

NCLEX Questions on Neurological Disorders Quizlet | Nurselytic

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